无锡英文导游词经典20篇

各位游客大家好!

恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和珅的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公，恭王府导游词。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗奕讠斤，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和珅曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和珅野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!

恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和珅想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和珅就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的‘聚宝盆’，地上的钱也是流入我和珅的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

我们顺着福池潺潺流水走，便来一扇门前。这是一扇精美绝伦的西洋门，色彩鲜艳，做工精细。据说这也是他二十四条罪状之一。因为这一扇西洋门是仿造皇家园林——万寿园里的西洋门造的。

进了西洋门，绕过“送子观音”石雕，便是和珅家的戏园了。戏园前是一片花园，修剪整齐的灌木丛中开着些许花儿。《环珠格格》中“香妃戏蝶”这出戏就是在这里拍摄的。全北京城只有两处是满地青砖，一是故宫的太和殿，二便是和珅家的戏台了。因为青砖的扩音效果十分好，所以在戏台上唱戏不需要任何扩音工具，偌大的戏场人人都能听到音乐，能站在遍地青砖的戏台上为和珅等权贵大臣唱戏也是一种殊荣了。

穿过雕刻精细的朱栏长廊，便来到了和珅的书斋。书斋四面假山竹林环合，清幽宁静。整个恭亲王府，就它不是用石砖砌的。这座书斋是用一种特殊的竹料建成的，冬暖夏凉，和珅最爱待在这里了。

出书斋，前面那座十分大气的建筑就是正殿——和珅会客的地方。要上正殿，有一条很特别的路，只有一节阶梯，然后就是一条笔直平缓的坡路，因为和珅说过他这一世，只有年少时吃过苦，然后就一路平步青云，登上了“一人之下，万人之上”的权势颠峰。我们可以跨过最底下的一节阶梯，免吃一点苦，直接“平步青云”。

有这样一个故事：当年孝庄太后年老病重之时，极其爱戴她的皇孙——康熙帝，心情极其郁闷。他让侍女苏麻喇姑准备好纸笔，大笔一挥，写了一个 “福”字。写完之后，玄烨和苏麻喇姑看着那个“福”字惊呆了——那个字苍劲有力，十分潇洒。细一看，竟看见了多个词组：多田，多子，多才，多寿……这不就是皇祖母的心愿吗?康熙帝越看越满意，便命人把这个“福”字拓在一块巨石上。结果，久病多时的太皇太后很快康复了!康熙帝大喜，决定将这块饱含吉祥福瑞气息的巨石代代相传，让爱新觉罗家族世代昌盛。

只可惜传到乾隆手中，就被别人偷出了皇宫。这个人就是和珅。现在这块福石就在我们正殿脚下，只露出写有“福”字的一面。这个“福”便是恭亲王府的第一万个福，寓意“万福”。和珅还神气地说：“皇上是‘万岁’，我是‘万福’!”后来，嘉庆帝抄他家时，本想把福石搬回皇宫，可还是没有搬成。和珅太狡猾了，他用石块砌了一座形似蝙蝠的福山，在“福”字左右各砌了一条龙，寓意“龙坐江山”，嘉庆帝不想自毁“江山”，便把福石留了下来。

恭王府概述

亲爱的朋友，欢迎您使用古游网的导游服务：

王府文化是中华民族传统文化的重要组成部分，是连接宫廷文化和平民文化的桥梁，位于北京西城区前海西街的恭王府，是中国现存王府中保存最完整的清代王府，是全国重点文物保护单位，它代表着中国的王府文化。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅开始在这东依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第，时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三，太上皇弘历归天，次日嘉庆皇帝就褫夺了和珅军机大臣和九门提督两职，抄了其全家，估计全部财富约值白银八亿两，相当于国库十几年的总收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉庆吃饱”的说法，同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身，则归了“爱豪宅不爱江山”的嘉庆胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。与此同时，嫁给和珅儿子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸丰元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕?成为这所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。 “一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年，这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会，后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回，并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常的好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内入不外流，因此更符合风水学聚财的说法。新中国十大元帅和郭沫若等人，均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常长寿。据说，北京长寿老人最多的地方就是恭王府附近，这个地方是一块风水宝地。

恭王府是我国保存最为完整的王府建筑群，分为府邸和花园两部分，府在前，园在后。恭王府的开放，早在30年前，就被提上议事日程。1975年，周总理在病床上，将三件未做完的事情托付给谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的开放问题。

王府占地约3.1万平方米，分为中、东、西三路建筑，由严格的轴线贯穿着的、多进四合院落组成。王府有门脸五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝殿七间，左右有配殿。府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑规模也是王府中最高的。恭王府的中、东、西三路各有三个院落，其中每一路的后两个院子是我们要游览的主要区域。

现在就请您跟随我们的讲解，游览一下这历尽苍桑、重现世人的恭王府吧。

门外院落

首先给您介绍一下王府主体院落之外的部分。在府邸大门外并列有东西两组院落。

西侧一组院落在三间正门两侧开有两座罩子门通向东、西两路院落，门的前方纵列着四排房屋，每排房屋当中各有一座阿思门，东边的阿思门外有一座影壁。

西侧院落南边沿围墙有两排倒座房，是王府的办事机构用房：前排东侧为回事处、随侍处，中间为管事处，西侧为佐领处、档子房、管领处、庄园处、置办处等，后排为粮仓房;两排倒座之间有东房一排，为裁房、厨房、水屋等。

东侧一组院落中南边沿围墙也有一排倒座房，为王府的兵房，驻有护卫王府的旗兵十余名;北边有一组四合院落，据说载滢回府时在此居住。

当时王府的总出入门就开在东侧院落的东墙上。

好了，下面我们将按照由中路入东路，转中路进西路最后到达后罩楼的顺序带领您转转这重新修缮的恭王府。

正门

中路有正门两重，均朝南。现在您要走入的是恭王府府邸的正门，大门面阔三开间，外置石狮子一对，石狮头上的卷毛疙瘩有12排，代表亲王的爵位。

经过这中路的第一个小院，接下来您还需走过这面阔5间的二门，才能进入王府的中心区域。二门内是正殿及东西配殿，其后为后殿及东西配殿。

向里走您马上会看到的是修复后的银安殿。

银安殿

银安殿俗呼银銮殿，是恭王府最主要的建筑。它作为王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要节日时方打开，起到礼仪的作用。民国初年，由于不慎失火，大殿连同东西配殿一并焚毁。现在经过修复，虽不能与原来的完全一样，但还是能让您体会到它的宏伟与庄重，感受到它的神韵。

现在让我们先去游览一下东路的主要建筑。下一个景点是多福轩。

05多福轩

多福轩采用小五架梁式的明代建筑风格。这里是奕?的会客处，保存着一些漂亮的凤凰彩绘，因其内部悬挂许多“福寿匾”而得名。多福轩内6个书架4个多宝格每个都是4米多高，全是用楠木复原的。

轩前院子内有古藤萝一架，被称为“藤莹架”，据考已生长200多年，在北京是不多见的。因此这个院子又被称为“藤萝院”。

绕过多福轩，您将进入东路的最后一个院子，看到后院的正厅乐道堂。

乐道堂及嘉乐堂

这里恭亲王奕忻起居的地方。奕?为皇子时，道光帝曾赐“乐道堂”匾额一方，此堂因此得名。

东路游览完了，现在请您向西走，去参观中路后院的嘉乐堂。

嘉乐堂五开间、硬山顶、前出廊，是和珅时期的建筑，悬挂“嘉乐堂”匾额一方。该匾疑是乾隆帝赐给和珅的，但匾额无署款，无钤记，故无从证实。在恭亲王时期，嘉乐堂主要作为王府的祭祀场所，内供有祖先、诸神等的牌位，以萨满教仪式为主。这就印证了民间对于王府内有座神殿的传说。

看过了银安殿和嘉乐堂，想必您已经发现了，这中轴线上建筑物的屋顶都用绿琉璃瓦、脊吻兽，而配殿屋皆用灰筒瓦。

Dear friends: if there is a pure and fresh and soft curve taihu Xia Jing is fair and tranquil artistic conception, so autumn scenery in huangshan is stone rough wisdom of wild straight grand large spectacular performance. Because huangshan stone has both the north and the mountains of the male, and the southern landscape show, so akiyama is a rockery gardens most picturesque meaning. All rockery, with hanging rock cliff anhui yellow beach, the stone some store yellow in colour, some latosolic red dye. Fake the facing west, whenever the sun sets, hongxia, color is very eye-catching. In cliff stone gap, and pine proudly, its branches and leaves of green and brown yellow rock in contrast, just like a picture of akiyama picture. Mountaintop square pavilion, built in it, overlooking the surrounding landscape, overlooking green eroilor north guo, west lake, PingShanTang and kuanyinshan the scene again - a move into the park, it is also the Chinese traditional gardening techniques, borrow scene. In ancient China, to have a tradition of autumn day to look up. A garden stone is the commanding heights of huangshan, and devoted to render the theme of the autumn.

The appearance of akiyama high, complex internal structure. Caves, stone stage, Shi Deng, Shi Liang crisscross together with small and medium mountain building, visit the mountains form a complicated three-dimensional channel, it not only has the flat weave, more solid in front. Visitors, if you are interested, can be due to the mountain building, by building two mountains, again slowly to appreciate the design clever, stacked techniques of yangzhou famous mountains -- akiyama.

Looking into the south, from the Yellowstone rockery in the west of the three surplus building, there is a secluded scenic area, the main body of the buildings in this area is a north-south open, use walls closed small hall, the building feels like with some of the "Beijing flavour". Please look at these houses, small corner case become warped, roofing is smooth, modelling is more heavy, why is this so? Originally in the prosperous time in qing dynasty, emperor southern, in yangzhou. Yangzhou salt merchants economic potentiality is abundant, for the sake of so-called "process" of attack, trying to gauge the be fond of of the emperor, and thus there are a number of architectural design, landscape architecture is modeled after the Beijing gradually, some buildings in yangzhou garden also with some of the "Beijing flavour". This is called "leak leakage month" of a small hall is no exception. XuanShiPing in the south of the hall there is a stack of flower terraces, leaning against the south wall of the garden, on stage and xuan rockery pile up small on wall, this is the mountain in winter. XuanShi originated in anhui xuancheng, its color as white as snow, people call it snow again. The scenic area, the original is around the stove, the winter snow while sipping tea. In order to make the rockery when it didnt snow there is snow, then put XuanShiShan at southern boundary wall north of the wall, out of the hall, on the hill color is white, like snow did not disappear. Because xuan stone contain quartz, its color is white, but in the sun shine, such as puts its XiangYangChu, with some of the digitization, the theme of the snow in the winter mountain shadow, also visible fold mountain home to observe carefully.

XuanShiShan on the east side of the wall outside, it is a garden of the population. In order to make the winter means more, gardening home regularly arranged on the wall the 24 hole, formed a unique tracery picture. Whenever the wind blows, the mouth of the cave is the sound hole on the flute shaw, makes a different sound, like in the winter, northwest wind call with sound to assist the theme artistic conception. More mystery is that through the first few rows of leak leakage month round, see the spring scenery of the bamboo, stalagmites. I wonder whether there are any suggestion of "winter" friends.

亲爱的游客朋友们你们好!我是你们这次旅行的导游小导。今天就由我为大家提供服务，大家如果有什么要求可尽管提出来，我会竭诚为您解决。

敦煌莫高窟和洛阳龙门石窟、大同的云冈石窟并称为中国三大石窟。莫高窟的开凿比龙门石窟早128年、比云冈石窟早94年。莫高窟以它创建年代之久。建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之多、保存之完整，其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下，享誉国内外。一年中游客接踵而来，络绎不绝，对促进文化交流，传播学说，弘扬民族艺术，进行爱国主义教育起了举足轻重的作用。

莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的，是世界上任何石窟寺所无法相比的，它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。如果所45000平方米壁画一张张连接起来将长达25公里，要把这些壁画哪放在路边的话，可以构成个从市区到莫高窟的一条长长的画廊。其规模之宏大，题材之广泛，艺术之精湛，被日本学者称之为“一大画廊”;法国学者称之为“墙壁上的图书馆”;正如一位学者看了莫高窟后感慨的说：“看了离煌石窟就等于看到了世界的古代文明”。

莫高窟俗称千佛洞，“千”这个数字在这里不指具体的数目，而是喻指很多，因为这里有许多佛教塑像、壁画的洞窟，所以俗称为“千佛洞”。莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟题记中，其名称的由来众说纷纭，莫衷一是，大抵有三种说法：其一，是说菲高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名，在古汉语中“沙漠”的“漠”和“莫高窟”的“莫”是通假字;其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都记载，唐代沙州敦煌县境内有“漠高山”、“漠高里”之称，据此考证，鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山，因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名;其三是说在梵文里“莫高”之音是解脱的意思，“莫高”是梵文的音译。

由于敦煌自汉魏以来，是汉族和许多少数民族聚集杂居之地，各民族文化在这里交汇、融合;敦煌又是西出西域，东入中原的咽喉要道，自古以来，人们笃信佛教，地方的官使吏、豪门贵族、善男信女以及贫苦的老百姓都拿出银两来开窟、造像、绘画作为自己的家庙来供养佛和菩萨;来往于丝绸古道的商人、使者、僧侣等为了祈佑自己能平安突起塔克拉玛干大沙漠，或取福佑，死后进入天国的投资。于是在鸣沙山的崖壁上，大大小小的窟龛不断涌现。

大家看前边有绿色的地主就是莫高窟，它背靠鸣沙山，面对三危峰，窟区南北全长1600多米，现存洞窟492个，洞窟大小不一，上下错落，密布崖面，每个洞窟里面都有栩栩如生的塑像，婀娜多姿的飞天，精美绝伦的壁画，构图精巧的花砖，构成了一个充满宗教氛围的佛国世界。莫高窟始建于前秦建元二年，也就是公元366年，历经北凉、北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、宋、西夏、元等朝代，在现存的洞窟中有壁画45000多平方米，塑像2400余身，最大塑像主，30多米，最大壁画约50平方米。

这些壁画、塑像，在不同程度上反映了我国从4世纪到14世纪上下延续千年的不同时代的社会、生产、生活、交通、建筑、艺术、音乐、舞蹈、民情风俗、宗教信仰、思想变化、民族关系、中外交往等情况。在我国三大石窟中，莫高窟是开凿最早，延续时间最长，规模最大，内容最丰富的石窟群。在世界文化史上也具有珍贵的价值。有“人类文化珍藏”、“形象历史博物馆”、“世界画廊”之称。

现在和我进入洞窟参观，首先我们去参观有名有“藏经洞”。这个洞窟位于系统工程号洞窟甬道的北侧，编号为17窟，洞窟原是晚唐时期河西都僧统洪的“影窟”，有碑文载这一事实。1900年5月的一天，管理莫高窟的道士王圆录在一个偶然的机会，打开了秘百多年的“藏经洞”，这些珍贵无比的文物终于重见天日了，但是清王朝的腐败加之王圆录的愚昧，使这些珍贵的文物遭到了帝国主义分子的肆无忌惮的掠夺和盗劫。1905年沙皇俄国的奥勃鲁切夫来到莫高窟，以六包日用品为诱饵，骗取了一批文物。

1907年，英国人斯坦因，仅用数十块马蹄银，劫取了约一万多卷，同时还有佛教绣品和佛画五百多幅，现藏于大英博物馆;1908年法国人伯希和盗走文物六千多卷，现在藏于巴黎法国国立图书馆和吉美博物馆。1911年10月日本大谷光瑞探险队的吉川小一郎和桔瑞超盗走约九百余卷。直到1910年清政府才将被劫余的文物运往北京，收藏在北京图书馆。在运输途中及运到北京后不少文物被偷、损坏、遗失，是中国考古史上一次难以估量的损失。“藏经洞”发现的这些文书内容包括宗教经典和多种文字写的世欲文书，它涉及到许多学科，是研究古代宗教、政治、经济、军事、文化的重要资料，经过国内外学者几十年的研究、开拓出一门全新热门的学科--敦煌学。

无锡太湖龙头渚自然风景区位于无锡马山太湖国家旅游度假区最南端，面对万顷太湖，背靠灵山大佛，得天地之灵气，沐大佛之恩泽。

龙头渚由大储山蜿蜒伸入太湖中腹，形成半岛，酷似巨龙伏卧在太湖碧波之中，故名龙头渚。从龙舌、龙眼、龙耳、龙颈到龙背，全长2500米，这里山不高而层峦叠嶂，水不深而烟波浩淼，山青水秀，是一幅天然的江南山水画。

山上四时佳果不断，水中常年湖鲜不绝，龙头杨梅和太湖银鱼早已弛名江南。人游其上，四周水抱山环，松柏叠翠，气势壮阔;处处曲径通幽，柳暗花明，风景优美。

远眺：万顷碧波，群雁南归;近观：椒山浮碧，帆影鸥逐。波涛与松涛齐鸣，落霞与孤鹜齐飞，更觉湖天壮阔，怡然有超凡绝尘之感。1994年4月10日，全国政协副主度赵朴初为其题名，并盛赞道："龙头渚，景色胜天堂"。

Dear friends, my friends, everybody is good, very welcome to the three gorges dam, I am the guide from everyone, my name is pan, you just call me pan.

First of all, lets say our three gorges project.

The three gorges project is a Chinese civil break of wisdom and sweat to create great project. It built around the lift force of the world, with is that the presence of each elder, you all made for its contribution, it is our pride!

Then we will go to the best of the three gorges dam observation - TanZiLing observation deck. When you go up to pay attention to safety. Standing on the TanZiLing, pinglan overlook, high pinghu is just around the corner. Standing in the three gorges dam, such as the dragon hengjiang, connected to the mountains and the coast, very spectacular.

Because of the three gorges reservoir is a canyon river reservoir, the dam lake not ten separate kuo. Standing on the TanZiLing can see the lake to disappear within a few kilometers away to the canyon, is far from province Yang, dongting immense and magnificent. But it is hidden breathtaking grandeur, because our eyes that wang river in Ming is human conquest of the worlds third largest river, is the dream of ones community in one hundred. I believe that everyone present a predecessor can probably read this kind of beauty, because it belongs to the Chinese community in big grandeur, it is rise of the Chinese community in the great symbol of a new era.

Ok, I will be over, the interpretation of the next we can visit freely, the three gorges, we 11 exhibition GuanMen collection, thank you.

Ladies and gentlemen:

Hi, everybody. Now I take you to visit the world famous buddhist art treasure house, dunhuang mogao grottoes. The mogao grottoes from 25 km southeast of dunhuang city, I use this time, just the mogao grottoes do a simple introduction first.

The mogao grottoes in dunhuang and luoyang longmen grottoes, the datong yungang grottoes and called Chinas three major grottoes. The mogao grottoes of digging than 128 years before the longmen grottoes, yungang grottoes as early as 94. The mogao grottoes in it to create s. Construction scale, the large number of murals and statues of modelling, the intact, is famous for its extensive and profound world of its artistic value, enjoys a good reputation both at home and abroad. Visitors a year come, an endless stream, to promote cultural exchanges, communication theory, carry forward the national art, patriotism education played a decisive role. The mogao grottoes mural art was not longmen, yungang grottoes, is unmatched by any cave temples all over the world, it is the essence of art of the mogao grottoes. If the 45000 square meters of murals every link will be up to 25 kilometers, want to put these murals which side of the road, can constitute a from downtown to the mogao grottoes of a long gallery. Its epic scale, the subject of extensive, exquisite art, by Japanese scholars call it "a big gallery"; French scholars call it "the library" on the wall; As a scholar sigh with emotion after seeing the mogao grottoes of say: "saw the greatest grottoes is to see the ancient civilizations of the world".

A high wat, commonly known as the thousand-buddha grottoes, the digital "thousand" here refers to the number of specific, but refers to a lot of, because there are many buddhist grotto statues, murals, so commonly known as the "thousand-buddha grottoes". The mogao grottoes the name first appeared in the sui dynasty grotto cave no. 423 words, the origin of its name, unable to agree, generally there are three: first, the mean high fe wat named digging in the high places of the desert, "desert" in the ancient Chinese "desert" and "the mogao grottoes" is "mo" tongjia characters; Said the other is from published documents and unearthed many literature in the tang dynasty, tang dynasty dunhuang XianJing sand states there are "desert mountains", "desert observed," said, according to this research, the singing in the sui and tang dynasties, also known as desert mountains, so will cave in township, near name; A third is that in Sanskrit "moga" voice of means of relief, "moga" is Sanskrit transliteration.

Because dunhuang since jun, is a place where many ethnic han Chinese and gathered mixed and intersection here, the fusion of the national culture; Dunhuang is west out of the western regions, east into the central plains choke points, since ancient times, people believe in Buddhism, where the officer to collectors, nobility, transformation, and poor people out of the silver to open wat, sculpture, painting as a home to make offerings to the Buddha and bodhisattvas; And from the silk road merchants, angel, monks, etc in order to thank you on his peace processes the taklamakan desert, or take the bliss, into the investment of the kingdom of heaven after death. So on the singing of the cliffs, grottoes constantly emerging, big and small.

Everybody is good! I am the guide from you, we are going to visit in Beijing for three days, today we are going to visit the Summer Palace of the famous.

Now, we have come to the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace was built in 1750, by British and French troops burned down in 1860. In 1886 and have been restored. In 1900, the Summer Palace and was severely damaged, the eight in 1902 to repair again. Determine the Summer Palace in 1961, the state council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In 1998, the Summer Palace was the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization included in the "world heritage list".

Let me take you to go to corridor. We look ahead, this is the long corridor, its architecture is very beautiful, and very long, as the eye is not an end, he has more than seven hundred meters long, divided into 273 pieces, everyone looked up, this is the transverse sill, it has a colorful picture, painted figures, flowers and plants, landscape, there are thousands of pictures it, but in no two are the same in these pictures, do not believe we can have a look. You notice? Are the flowers and trees on both sides of the lang is also very beautiful, here is full of the flower of life from January to December, each season has different flowers. Now we have covered corridor, came to the foot of the longevity hill, everyone looked up, three layer architecture is the anise pyramid, buddhist incense most of his use of glazed tile construction, it will shine under the sun. This is a row of resplendent and magnificent palace, row cloud temple. Here we come to the buddhist incense to play. Everyone stood looking down on it, is there a lake? This makes the kunming lake. Now the surface we see kunming lake on the mountain. Kunming lake around long bank, there are several styles of different stone bridge on the bank. Lake there is a small island, planted with trees. We have 17 through the hole in the stone bridge, can go to the island to play. Because there are seventeen holes in this stone, so called the marble seventeen-arch bridge which, on the bridge are hundreds of pillars, pillars are carved with small stones, and these lions have different attitude, no two are just the same.

Ok, here you free activities for half an hour, but dont go away, dont get close to kunming lake.

Ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to the dunhuang mogao grottoes with a long history. I am your tour guide. You just call me Lao zhou. Four grottoes are: longmen grottoes, yungang grottoes, the maijishan grottoes, and the mogao grottoes of dunhuang. One of the biggest, but is the dunhuang mogao grottoes. Next, just follow me to go to dunhuang mogao grottoes and have a look!

First I want to introduce you to: mogao grottoes thousand-buddha grottoes. He is known as the most valuable culture found in the 20th century, "east the Louvre is located in the west of dunhuang in corridor", is famous for beautiful murals and statues. Existing caves, 735, 405 square meters of murals, clay sculpture.our 2415 statue, is existing in the worlds largest and most abundant content of buddhist shrine.

All kinds of grottoes sizes. Thousand-buddha cliff carved with tens of thousands of small figure of Buddha, every small figure of Buddha, though more than an inch high, but the head and body are carving vivid, lifelike. Okay, on to the next attraction.

You see, this thing is a nine layers cover, also called as "Peking University", 36 meters high, is the worlds third big Buddha!

The mogao grottoes is a treasure chest.

Well, a visit to the end. Welcome next time!

王府正殿，俗称“银安殿”是王府内举行重要礼节性活动的场所，在殿内中心位臵摆放一组屏风和亲王的宝座。与故宫的金銮殿相对应的。金銮殿是皇帝

召见、举行重大典礼仪式的地方。

你现在看到的这座高大的建筑是本次大修中按同治光绪年间的原样新建的。最初的银安殿连同东西配殿在内的整个院落于一九二一年正月十五元宵节夜因烧香失火被毁。

银安殿的新建历程：

银安殿是按照当时严格的清廷建筑规制、王府建筑中的最高规格屋顶——歇山顶修复而成的。

游客们请观察正殿屋顶筒瓦的颜色，屋脊上吻兽个数，正门门钉的个数等，与你们所见的故宫有何不同?

皇宫屋顶覆盖金黄色琉璃，是皇权的象征;王府正殿的屋顶覆盖绿色琉璃筒瓦、屋脊上绿色琉璃吻兽，配殿屋顶为灰筒瓦，那是明示亲王的地位。

门钉。在古建筑里，门钉只在板门上使用。当初用来提防敌人用火攻城，所以在涿弋上涂满了泥，起防火作用。门钉一般是铜制的。清朝则对门钉的使用有一定的规制。皇家建筑，每扇门的门钉是横竖各九路，一共是九九八十一个钉。九是阳数之极，象征帝王最高的地位。因为帝王庙是供奉历代帝王的，所以也是横竖九路门钉;王府七路乘七路，但是亲王府七路乘九路;再往下就是五路乘五路。

2、多福轩

此院俗称“藤萝院”。正殿在和珅时期称之谓“延禧堂”，是和珅之子与公主的居所。恭亲王时期称之谓“多福轩”，是王府的穿堂客厅，主要用于主人日常接待来客、亲友或前来回禀公事的下属，兼用作存放皇帝送来的礼物。“多福轩”此匾为咸丰皇帝所题。意为幸福很多的殿堂。殿内正中悬挂“同德延禧”匾额，意在告诫主人：你与皇帝同德才能延禧(禧：吉祥如意、福寿绵长)。请大家仔细观察殿内四壁靠近天花板的地方皆悬挂福寿字匾，这些福寿字均写于红色方纸之上(即“斗方”)呈梭形摆放，一福一寿成对制成匾额。清代自康熙以后，每年入冬，皇帝都要亲自书写“福”“寿”字，颁赐给王、公、大臣、后妃。逢重大生日庆典，还会加赐“寿”字。按惯例，旧年的福寿字斗方不能揭去，而是将新赐的福寿字斗方直接贴在旧的上面，取“增福添寿”之意。现在你看到的就是原样复制的。

请大家仔细观察屋梁上保留下来的乾隆时期的凤和玺彩画，虽然仅残留局部的凤尾图案，却有特殊的价值，它的存在证实了府邸东路曾为公主府 。

和玺彩画又称宫殿建筑彩画，这种建筑彩画在清代是一种最高等级的彩画，大多画在宫殿建筑上或与皇家有关的建筑之上。

3、乐道堂

这里是东路建筑中最大的一处，也是最后一进院落，正房名“乐道堂”。室内梁上至今保存了200多年前清中期包袱锦地彩画和凤凰主题彩画，表明和珅时期这里曾是公主的居所。到了恭亲王时期这里是王爷的居室。现在室内按恭亲王居住时的原样陈列。“乐道堂”的匾额是道光帝亲笔所书赐给奕忻的，“安身乐道”表达了一位父亲希望儿子顺心如意、幸福吉祥的美好心愿。

和珅既非亲王，在封建等级制度甚严的清朝，他为何臵逾制犯上而不顾大兴土木建造如此豪华的私宅呢?从下面的记载中你可知其中的原委。

和珅之子丰绅殷德本名殷德，生于乾隆四十年(1775年)正月十九日，比和孝公主小半个月。和珅与乾隆结成儿女亲家，成为令人高不可攀的皇亲国戚，由此更加受到皇上的器重，继而平步青云。和珅建和宅实际上建成的是公主府，因此和珅建此宅是按照公主府邸和朝廷一品大员的双重规格建造的。

4、嘉乐堂

嘉乐堂是和珅时期的堂号，“嘉乐堂”此匾相传是乾隆赐给和珅的。恭亲王时期为“神殿”，即王府举行萨满教祭祀活动的地方。

萨满教祭祀活动：古代的蒙古人最早信仰萨满教。萨满教崇拜神灵，把世界分为三种：天堂在上;地为之中;地狱在下。

萨满祭祀以祭祖祭天最为重要。满族人崇敬乌鸦，据传说满族祖先在一次战斗中陷入陷井，情急之下不得不到大树上作躲藏，树上的乌鸦一动不动，因而没有把满族的祖先暴露给敌人，让他逃过一劫，东山再起，因此满族人把乌鸦敬之为神。篇二：恭王府导游词

各位游客大家好,恭亲王府原是“千古第一贪”的和王申的家，后被嘉庆帝立下二十四条罪状，抄了他的家充公。因最后一任主人是恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕讠斤，所以称为恭亲王府。

北京城两龙脉，一是京城中轴线，二是护城河。故宫就坐落在中轴线的头上。而恭亲王府就坐落在两龙脉相交之处。和王申曾大言不惭说：“皇上坐龙头，我坐龙尾。龙头虽掌大局，却还要龙尾行大事。”听听，和王申野心之勃勃，真不愧“千古第一贪”!恭亲王府内，有九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。这“蝙蝠”并不是真实的蝙蝠，而形似蝙蝠的建筑。和王申想让自己很幸福，便取“福”的谐音字“蝠”，建了九千九百九十九只“蝙蝠”。

进门后，首先映入眼帘的，便是一只硕大的“蝙蝠”。这是一只形似蝙蝠的池塘，名曰“福池”。池岸边随意错落着假山碎石。福池周围栽满了榆树，榆树的果、叶形似铜钱，每当铜钱般的果、叶掉入福池时，和王申就会笑哈哈：“天上掉下的钱，进入我的?聚宝盆?，地上的钱也是流入我和王申的囊袋中。”这话可真不假!

A park is the oldest existing yangzhou, the best preserved salt merchants garden, yangzhou dongguan street, a famous ancient lane in the south, north to the east of yangzhou river sight belt yanfu, is in the twenty-third year of qing jiaqing (1818) and huaibei salt total yellow to the narration of the house. For yangzhou representative of the classical private garden in the Ming and qing dynasties. Published in 1998 by the state council as a "national key cultural relics protection unit", and the Summer Palace in Beijing, chengde summer resort, and the humble administrators garden and called Chinas four big gardens in suzhou.

Through a complex, right against the face to see a building ground brick gate house, this is he garden gate, enter the door, came to the backyard of he garden, the garden can be divided into two parts, east and west. Now we stand by the position of the hospital is to the east garden, through the "send the noise hill" round David came to the east garden. East hall centered constitute a set of compound, appear in front of our eyes in front of the two hall, the south is embedded with "phoenix peony" brick of the hall, we call it the "peony hall". This brick is yangzhou a rare piece of brick carvings handicraft in the late qing dynasty, the middle with the peony and phoenix, pattern, around the shape of the peony foliage is inverse, decorative pattern is hydrophobic, knife and lively, smooth lines, the whole picture, the figure is outstanding theme, distinct, strewn at random have send.

All the buildings in the east, the most delicate to ship to the north of the hall, hall like a boat, pebbles, tile floor, steps prior to pattern for water wave shape, the artistic conception, give a person with water north laid red phoenix in morning sun, is a symbol of auspiciousness, long life. On both sides of the ship main hall hall with the excessive couplet: "month masters may visit, the flowers for the walls ship for the home." Tourists, when you look at the picture face after, you may have to forget this is a land landscape, as if walking in the lake, sitting in row in the brain. We have to admire those designing in a castle in the east garden landscape can make "water without water, without the mountains have affection". In hall ship back on the fire wall is a beautiful rockery, more than 60 meters long, there are scenic mountain on the settle way, with the hollow, water around the mountain line, mind the plum tree, the mountain have a small pavilion, to board the small pavilion series floor. From a distance, rockery is like a great rivers of the motherland. If compared the fire wall to the painters rice paper, then in front of sidewall rockery is just draw good landscape painting, give a person the sense with long, round the corner is infinite thoughts. This is the east garden. Please visit freely and take photos.

The Mountain Summer Resort

Topic: define the Mountain Summer Resort as “garden bright pearl, science open-air museum”.

Part one: how this garden is special.

*Question:(Outside the resort, to sitimulate the tourist’s interests)

Our garden experts said that, the Summer Vacation Mountain Village is the miniature of our beautiful motherland. Why can the experts say like this?

*Introduction:

Chengde Summer Resort is in the northern part of Chengde city, Heibei province. Chengde Imperial Palace also known as the Rehe Place, where Qing emperors spent their summer days and work in, so it was not an imperial summer palace in its usual meaning, but became a important centre next to Beijing.

*Knowledge about the layout:

There are two parts of the resort——the palaces and a scenic area.

The palaces were for emperors to handled political affairs and lived in. The scenic area includes lakes, hills and grassland. There are eight artificial lakes. Emperor kangXi commented the resort as “having the mountains as the bone and water as the heart ”. Emperor QianLong’s remark, “Though it is named as mountain resort, its beauty is in water” highlighted the feature of the resort. Because KangXi and QianLong have toured in south China many times and appreciated a lot of beauties there, so that beauties were like been moved by the emperors into the resort. So this garden has the north and south style in a body.

*Answer of the question:

The natural mountains and rivers built it was copied the landscape from southern Jiangsu and outside Shanhaiguan, there has forests, lakes, grassland and mountains; almost include all kinds of the landscapes of China.

Outside the palaces is the eight outer temples, this temples surrounding the palaces like the star surrounding the Moon, symbolized the national various nationalities closely around the Qing Dynasty’s rule center.

Part two: Great values of the resort.

In our country history:

The Mountain Summer Resort has witnessed the Qing Dynasty’s consolidation and development. Said from its rich history connotation, it is really a national and religious history museum.

*Question:Why Mountain Summer Resort is considered as “intangible Great Wall”?

When the Qing government made Beijing its capital, it paid attention to the relationship with the national minorities in Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet, and keep a marriage relation with them. It can be seen like this way: the temples around the Mountain Summer Resort were the outcome of the policy of national solidarity and consolidation of the multi-national country.

We know the Ming Dynasty has built Great Wall, but the policy of building the Mountain Summer Resort is more effectual .

From the cultural value:

In the resort, Han Nationality culture and some national minority cultures, both display respective characteristics and absorb from each other. Now Chengde already towards to the world, the culture is not belongs to china also the universe.

Songshan Mountain, located in Dengfeng City, Henan Province, is one of theworld-famous five mountains of China (Taishan Mountain in Shandong, HuashanMountain in Shaanxi, Hengshan Mountain in Shanxi and Hengshan Mountain inHunan). Songshan scenic spot has 36 peaks, stretching for 60 kilometers, mainlycomposed of Taishi mountain and Shaoshi mountain. The highest peak is 1494meters above sea level.

There are more than 270 human landscapes in Songshan scenic area, includingten temples, five temples, five palaces, two temples, four nunneries, fourcaves, three altars and pagodas. It is a historical gathering place of Buddhism,Confucianism and Taoism. The world-famous Shaolin Temple is hidden in the armsof Mount Song. These rich cultural landscapes and rare geological relics reflecteach other, forming a three-dimensional, multi-level and multi-functionalcharming landscape of Songshan Geopark.

Songshan World Geopark is located in Dengfeng City, Henan Province, with atotal area of 450 square kilometers. The main types of geological relics are thecomponents of Geology (including structure). The main geological landscapesinclude the unique weathered and corroded structure and the limestone karstlandscape.

The Songshan Mountain is located in the southern margin of the North Chinaancient land. Within the scope of the park, the strata of Archean, Proterozoic,Cenozoic and Cenozoic geological historical periods in the past 3.5 billionyears are continuously and completely exposed. The stratigraphic sequence isclear and the structural features are typical. It is called "five generations inone hall" by the geological circles. It is a complete stone book of earthhistory.

Yuzhai mountain, Junji mountain, wazhiling mountain and Jianshan mountainin the main peak area of Songshan Mountain are mostly composed of quartzite. Inaddition to the tectonic movement, the peaks rise up to the earth, with steepand beautiful walls. The peculiar peaks and valleys are all over the area,forming a unique terrain and landform.

There are eight nationalities living in the park, including Han, Hui, Pumi,Bai, Yi, Miao, Uygur and Mongolia, forming a multi-ethnic family. On thefestival days of ethnic minorities, the local government and the Han compatriotscelebrate with them to fully display their national customs, customs, customsand other national cultures, and enjoy the customs and fun of ethnicminorities.

There are many scenic spots and historical relics in the scenic area. Inthe world-famous Shaolin Temple, Shaolin monks practice qigong and Shaolin KungFu (martial arts). Besides Shaolin Temple, there are many other temples, such asZhongyue temple, also known as "Little Palace"; Fawang temple and Huishantemple, two of the oldest existing temples in China; and two of the oldest andbest preserved observatories in China.

There are also a large number of stone inscriptions in Songshan, totalingmore than 20__, composed of famous calligraphers Yan Zhenqing, Su Dongpo, HuangTingjian and Mi Fu.

The world-famous Shaolin Temple is located at the West foot of SongshanMountain, 100 kilometers southwest of Zhengzhou, the capital of Henan Province.It is not only an important Buddhist holy land in China, but also a trainingcenter for ancient Chinese Kung Fu.

Shaolin Temple was founded in the 19th year of Taihe in the Northern WeiDynasty (495). It was built by Yuan Hong, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern WeiDynasty, for the purpose of setting up batuoluoji, an Indian monk, to preach. In537 ad, another Indian monk named Bodhidharma came here. It is said that hecreated a set of simple unarmed fighting rules on the basis of Batas creation,which is called "Xingyiquan". He once faced the wall in the stone cave on wurupeak behind the chariot of Shaolin for nine years.

This is the origin of Shaolin Kung Fu. At the beginning of the 7th century,a small army of 13 Shaolin monks was famous for defeating the whole army of theSui Dynasty and rescuing the later Tang Emperor Li Shimin from prison. After Liascended the throne, he granted a great reward to a temple in Shaolin. He gave athousand hectares of land and a water mill. The monks who took part in the waralso had their own rewards. Shaolin Temple has been famous all over the worldsince then, known as "the most famous temple in the world", and has also becomea national training center for kung fu masters. In its heyday, there were morethan 3000 monks stationed here.

As Shaolin Temple has always been the center of rebel activities, it wasburned three times, the most serious of which was in 1938. A fire burned formore than 40 days, burning almost all the classical literature and records inthe temple.

Today, there are many pavilions and halls in Shaolin Temple, covering anarea of about 4047 hectares. The most interesting historical relics are themurals in the East Hall, depicting groups of monks practicing kung fu.

When you come to the gate of Shaolin Temple, you can see the plaque ofShaolin Temple hanging on the gate. It was written by Emperor Kangxi of QingDynasty.

In addition, the "talin" at the foot of the mountain to the west of ShaolinTemple is the burial ground of the monks who presided over Shaolin Temple in thepast dynasties since the Tang Dynasty, about 250, which is the most populargroup of talins in China.

各位游客，你们好!

我是你们这次参观的导游，我姓徐，大家也可以叫我徐导，大家本次的参观由我为大家讲解。

现在我们所在的敦煌莫高窟位于敦煌市西大约25公里处，为中国的四大石窟之一，国家的重点保护单位，也是全世界洞窟艺术的瑰宝!莫高窟开始建造于公元339年，后面的几个朝代也继续建造，最后完成的壁画面积近45000平方米，飞天约2400尊，佛像约4000座，分布于492个石窟中。

游客们，你们现在所看到的就是第292窟的飞天壁画!飞天是中国古代佛教中的八大护法之一，形象接近于着盛装的美女，这些在空中飞舞的飞天神态各异，轻盈灵动，手上拿着佛教中的传说的宝器：莲花、笛子、砗磲、鲜花…….。在你们的左手边是一尊高大的佛像，佛像身上雕刻的线条清晰，颜色绚丽，体现着中国古代精湛的雕刻和绘画技巧。

现在各位游客们注意了，你们来到了著名的第17号石窟，这里的飞天和佛像相比于其它洞窟不仅数量多，而且雕刻的特别精致。比如这座佛像，双腿盘坐于莲花座上，双手捏了一个手势放在膝盖上，手心朝天，双眼细咪，神态安详，仿佛若有所思;另外那个佛像则是一副满脸不高兴的样子，真是好笑;另外天空中的飞天衣带飘飘，洒落的花瓣就像是为人间送上的`祝福。

但是近几年莫高窟也遭到了很多人的破坏，文物、壁画被盗，还有些则是因为保护不够被自然损坏，为了保护这个全世界洞窟艺术的瑰宝，我们应该积极行动起来，从自身的行动入手，做到以下几点：

1. 不随便拍照，文明游览。

2. 不乱涂乱画，不乱扔垃圾。

3. 不要随意摸文物。

4. 不大声喧哗，保持安静。

5. 看见不良行为及时阻止，看见垃圾随手捡。

让我们大家都出一份力，来保护我们的莫高窟吧!

各位游客，今天带大家的旅游参观到此为止，欢迎大家以后再来，谢谢。

Suzhou, the ancient said there is a wu, wu, will collection, Wu Zhou, Wu Jun, at pingkiang, sui suzhou, delay said today. Suzhou ever since the dawn of recorded history of more than 4000 years, is one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural city. Long history, gave birth to the unique charm to celebrities.of.

For one thousand years, suzhou humanities ceremony. In ancient times produced by sun wu, fan zhongyan, shen kua, such as tang Yin, gu yanwu, KuaiXiang statesmen, thinkers, strategists, scientists, artists; Contemporary fields have emerged a large number of outstanding figures. Suzhou genre of painting, calligraphy, seal cutting, each has his strong point; Drama, medicine, building its own genre, of its own. Suzhou embroidery, the yellow house world-famous woodcut New Year pictures and other arts and crafts.

Suzhou city was built in 514 BC, more than 2500 years ago. Is located in the position of the spring and autumn period, the basic maintained a "surface parallel, river street adjacent" double chessboard pattern of "three vertical and three horizontal and one ring" river water system and "small bridge flowing water, white wall tiles, historic gardens" unique style. More than existing municipal cultural relics protection unit 487 in the city, including national 15, 101 at the provincial level. Well-preserved classical garden more than 60. In accordance with the ancient city of suzhou is located in the water, street built around the river, surface parallel; Construction by the water, before the lane back river, forming unique style and features of "small bridge, flowing water, somebody else". Set of buildings, landscapes, flowers and trees, carvings, calligraphy and painting is equal to the integration of the suzhou gardens, is the spirit treasure of human civilization, the humble administrators garden and lingering garden in Chinas four big gardens, and with the nets garden, surging wave pavilion, lion grove and the mountain villa with embracing, art field, coupling, the scientific garden 9 classical garden, such as, respectively, in December 97 and November 20xx by UNESCO "world heritage", ancient town of tongli town, zhouzhuang, Lu straight are reporting on world cultural heritage.

Under the spring breeze of reform and opening-up, the ancient suzhou is coruscate gives new vitality, established the "science and education encouraging city, outgoing driving, sustainable development" strategy, formed the export-oriented economy, the two advantages of township enterprises, cultivating the new economic growth point is given priority to with high and new technology, talent, industry, environment, etc. The new advantages have weakened.

Suzhou is becoming a new and high technology industries as the leading of the modern manufacturing base, technology innovation in the joint, all kinds of talent aggregation of industry base, high technology content, high extroverted degree and good economic benefit modern agriculture base, it is a combination of human landscape and natural landscape, ecological tourism vacation base with beautiful surroundings, suzhou in the 21st century will be "economic prosperity, science and education developed, rich life, a beautiful environment, civilization" the basic modernization of region.

Suzhou is located in the middle of the Yangtze river delta, south of jiangsu province. Shanghai in the east, zhejiang in the south, wuxi, a city surrounded by the north in accordance with the Yangtze river. The citys total area of 8488 square kilometers, jurisdiction, blue waves at pingkiang, gold Chang, huqiu, wuzhong, phase town, suzhou industrial park, suzhou new district, etc. 8 area and changshu, zhangjiagang, taicang, kunshan, wujiang five county-level cities, a total population of 5.78 million people. In rivers and lakes is numerous, the grand canal linking the north and south, hope YuHe, LouJiang, TaiPuHe connection, taihu lake, yangcheng lake and commercialisation of bearing, Mosaic dianshan lake.

Here four seasons, mild climate, abundant rainfall, fertile land, rich products. Agricultural products have produced rice, cotton, rapeseed, XiangJing meters, duck blood waxy and taicang white garlic; Specialty orange, loquat, BanSu, plum, osmanthus, camellia, "biluochun" tea; Taihu whitebait, water shield, pearls and yangcheng lake hairy crabs famous.

Suzhou is the birthplace of celebrities.of, literary production staff. Is known as the suzhou pingtan, kunqu opera, Su Ju culture "three flowers". More than 400 years history of kunqu opera, is the "mother of the Chinese opera; Pingtan is in suzhou dialect rap art, is in jiangsu, zhejiang and Shanghai has more than 300 years. Suzhou arts and crafts of the famous Chinese and foreign, with hunan, sichuan, cantonese embroidery embroidery is known as the "four famous embroidery" in our country; Lookup woodcut New Year pictures from green wood along with tianjin, he "south north Yang peach"; Suzhou k o-ssu, sculpture, {sung} brocade, jade and redwood carving crafts, each has his strong point, wonderful artical excelling nature.

Suzhou city in 20xx of $154.1 billion in gross national product (GNP), basic construction in modern manufacturing base of high and new technology industry as the leading factor; Closely joint production, study and research, technical innovation base of all kinds of talents gathered, High technology content, high extroverted degree and good economic benefit in modern agriculture base; It is a combination of human landscape and natural landscape, ecological tourism vacation base with beautiful surroundings, suzhou in the 21st century will be "economic prosperity, science and education developed, rich life, a beautiful environment, civilization" the modernization of the region.

Humble administrators garden, the representative of the jiangnan gardens, the largest classical landscape garden in suzhou garden, is one of the four ancient gardens of suzhou, also is the largest in suzhou gardens, the most famous a, been listed as world cultural heritage list, is the Chinese classical private gardens. The Ming dynasty zhengde years this garden over land area of about eighty-three point five acres, open area of about seventy-three mu, including central garden, the west and the late qing dynasty Zhang Zhiwan residential hall (now suzhou garden museum of old) of late qing dynasty architectural landscape heritage, about 38 acres. One of Chinas four big gardens, national key cultural relics protection unit, the national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot, the special tourist attraction -- has been hailed as the "mother of the Chinese garden, in 1997 by the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization (UNESCO) listed as world cultural heritage.

The humble administrators garden covers an area of 520xx square meters, and points east garden, park, west park in three parts. East park and mountain pool, adorned with Shu incense pavilion, LanXueTang construction, etc. Western water circuitous, compact layout, mountain built pavilions, main architecture of the mandarin duck hall was the garden owner treating guests and listen to music, display hall. In the humble administrators garden is the best part of the overall layout for the center with pool, pavilions are built by the water, some TingXie is straight out of the water, with river south of characteristics. Body building hong tong in south bank pool, on the other side of the pool and observe things two mountain island, the water clear, broad mind lotus, tree-lined everywhere on the island, mountain water bank vines mixed and disorganized, two mountain valleys panel has a little bridge Hill on the island to build a pavilion, west to snow YunWeiTing, east to be frost pavilion, the four seasons scenery because of time inconsistency. Far to the west of hong tongs "lean on jade xuan" with the west ship matter form "xiangzhou", is relatively and both its northern "Dutch wind all pavilion" into the potential of the tripartite confrontation, can with the potential of the reward.

北京故宫博物院英文导游辞

Hello, everyone,

We are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. This scenic spot is located at the center of Beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. This is the world – famous wonder – the Palace Museum.

The Palace Museum has served as the royal residence during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. The Palace Museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout Beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is Beihai(North Sea) Park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the Zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the Wangfujing Shopping Street; and to the north id Jinshan Park. Standing in the Wanchun (Everlasting Spring) Pavilion at the top of Jingshan(Charcoal Hill) Park, you overlook the skyline of the palace Museum. At the southern end of the palace is Tian` anmen (Gate of Heavenly Peace) and the famous square named after it . This is the symbol of the People` s Republic of China.

A world-famous historical site, the Palace Museum is on the World Heritage List of UNESCO and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

The Palace Museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . It has 9000-strong rooms in it . According to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .The whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian Gate in the south ,the Gate of Military Prowess in the north, Donghua(Eastern Flowery ) Gate in the north, Donghua ( Eastern Flowery) Gate in the east and Xihua(Western Flowery ) Gate in the west. On each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . Encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the Palace Museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

The Palace Museum was made a center of rule during the Ming Dynasty by Zhun Di, The fourth son of the founding emperor Zhuyuanzhang. The whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from Yongding (Forever Stable) Gate in the south to Gulou (Drum Tower) in the north. Prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .The construction of the Palace Museum involved manpower and resources across China. For example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. As the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in Chinese wood oil. Involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” The Palace Museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to China` s ancient architecture. It reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the Chinese working people. A carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the Palace Museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

北京长城英文导游词 ·岳阳楼英文导游辞 ·重庆英文导游词 ·西藏英文导游词

What we are now approaching is the main entrance to the Palace Museum-the Meridian Gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. On top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. On top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. The main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. It is flanked by two wings on each side .The wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. All of these structures are connected by a colonnade. Because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (Five-phoenix Tower) . Inside the main hall there is a throne. Drums and bells were stored in the wings. Whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the Hall of Upreme Harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

共4页，当前第1页1234

尊敬的各位考官!您好!我是考生 __X，我已经准备好了，可以开始了么!

各位游客朋友，大家好!欢迎大家来到景德镇古窑民俗博览区参观游览。我是此次景德镇古窑民俗博览区的导游员小赵，我很荣幸陪同大家一起参观游览，下面将由我来为大家讲解景德镇古窑民俗 博览区。

瓷都风采

景德镇，位于江西省东北部的低山、丘陵地带。这里山环水绕，制瓷资料充足，能工巧匠云集， 外销水运通畅。“水土宜陶”，是天然的产瓷区。

东晋开始设镇，名“新平”。唐代几易镇名。至景德元年(公元 1004 年)，因当地的贡瓷倍受皇室青睐而改昌南镇为“景德镇”。至今，“景德镇”之名已沿用千年。

瓷业的兴旺，带来了商业的繁荣，并形成了具有瓷文化底蕴的城镇特色。景德镇以珠山御窑厂为中心，周围坯房密布，窑场四起，红店、柴行及瓷庄比比皆是，甚至连一些百姓家居都是由窑砖头、匣钵屑等瓷业废弃物搭建。“江南雄镇”的昔日风采，至今依稀可见。

景德镇四大传统名瓷

景德镇瓷器“白如玉、明如镜、薄如纸、声如磬”，自古以来，名扬天下。在琳琅满目的瓷器中，最为著名的青花瓷，青花玲珑瓷、颜色釉瓷、粉彩瓷被人们誉为“中华民族文化之精萃”、“瓷国之瑰 宝”。

一、青花瓷

青花瓷是我国陶瓷史上最优秀的瓷器品种之一，自创烧以来，一直都是景德镇瓷业的主流产品， 以致于历经近 800年而不衰。青花瓷的烧造成功，是我国陶瓷史上最具有划时代意义的事件，中国瓷 器从此进入了彩瓷时代，它使中国绘画技巧与制瓷工艺的结合更趋成熟。

青花瓷是一种以氧化钴为显色的配制颜料——“青花瓷”，在瓷坯上进行绘画装饰，再罩以透明釉，经高温一次烧成的釉下彩绘瓷器。其特点为黑色青翠，清新明丽，幽静雅致，具有中国水墨画的艺术效果。青花瓷整个器物，鲜丽的蓝色图案，与瓷胎青白相映，相得益彰，艳而不俗，鲜而不佻， 明朗而又安定，华丽而又沉着，艺术价值极高。

由于不同的运笔，不同的技法，不同的构思，不同的用料，使得每个时期的青花装饰产生不同的艺术效果，呈现出鲜明的时代特征，其主要分为元代青花瓷、明代青花瓷、清代青花瓷。

二丶青花玲珑

瓷 晶莹、幽雅的青花玲珑瓷，是景德镇传统名瓷，创烧于明代永乐年间。它既汲取了青花技术之特长，又采纳了镂雕艺术之妙法，具有轻巧致密，素雅清新的特点。外国人称其为“嵌玻璃的瓷器”，一 直以来誉满中外。

青花玲珑是一种釉下青花加玲珑雕镂的综合装饰。它是在瓷坯上，先制作玲珑透剔的米粒状洞，称为“米通”，俗称“玲珑眼”，再以“玲珑釉”充满玲珑眼，结合呈色青翠的青花纹饰，施釉入窑高温一次烧成。

青花玲珑的装饰风格与众不同，它的玲珑釉色透明带绿，小孔处透明性强，仿佛开了一个个的小窗户，阳光和灯光透过，成瓷组成的玲珑眼的特殊纹样，艺术效果别具一格。加之与青花装饰相结合，在白中泛青的釉色衬托下，显得分外精巧细腻，朴素大方，清新明朗。

如今，玲珑眼也由单一“米通”，发展为圆、尖、扁、线、弯曲等形式。并能组成各种花鸟、水浪、云彩人物等形状，丰富了青花玲珑的装饰效果，使之更加丰富多采。

三丶颜色釉瓷颜色釉是一种以金属氧化物(铁、铜、锰、钴)为着色剂，在适当的气氛中经一定的温度烧成后，能够呈现了某种固有色彩的釉料。其釉面斑驳璀璨、呈色五彩缤纷，有的像洁白的云朵在蓝天飘游，有的像晶莹的露珠在草坪闪烁，有的像晶亮的星星在银河眨眼，有的像彤红的太阳在天边升腾，有的像碧澄的江水在静静奔流，有的像艳丽的宝石在熠熠闪光，有的像熊熊的烈火在炉膛 燃烧，有的像美丽的孔雀在翩翩开屏……

景德镇是烧造颜色釉瓷器历史最长、品种最多、质量最好、成就最高的地区之一。景德镇的颜色釉瓷以丰富多彩的釉色，精致完美的器物、风格迥异的造型，清亮耀目的光泽，而成为世界工艺美术史上一颗闪烁着夺目光华的明珠，至今仍令人眼花缭乱，心驰神往、流连忘返、叹为观止。

四丶粉彩瓷 粉彩属于釉上彩绘装饰。釉上彩绘是在已经烧成的瓷胎上进行绘画装饰，然后经过 800℃左右的低温烧烤，以使画面熔融后固化在瓷器表面的装饰技法。

早在宋元时期，景德镇瓷工就开始了用含金属氧化物的彩料在瓷器表面进行装饰的尝识，到明代宣德年间，御窑厂成功烧造出釉下青花与釉上彩绘相结合的青花斗彩瓷器。明中期以后，以成化斗彩、万历青花五彩(以青花作为五彩中一种色彩的彩瓷谓青花五彩。)为代表的釉上彩绘瓷器发展迅速，至清初康熙年间釉上蓝彩出现以后，釉上彩瓷器开始脱离青花的约束而成为一个独立的瓷器装饰门类。康熙五彩(红、绿、黄、蓝、黑)色泽厚实，浓艳，亦称之为“硬彩”，景德镇称其为“古彩”。

雍正时期，景德镇瓷工又在康熙五彩的基础上，参照珐琅彩(清宫廷御用器彩料)的制作工艺，把含有氧化砷的玻璃料掺入含铅的彩料中，使彩料产生乳白色的效果，这种含砷的玻璃料被景德镇瓷工称为“玻璃白”。如果以康熙五彩为基础，在其彩料中加入玻璃白，使所有颜色都会“粉化”成不同深浅浓淡的色调，彩料的颜色都会变成带粉白的色调，如红色变成粉红色，绿色变成粉绿色等等。这些温润的中间色不仅能给人以粉润柔和的感受，而且扩大了釉上彩的色调范围，使色彩可以渲染，层次、深浅、阴阳分明，画法可以更加细致入微。由于它的特点就是带粉白色调，所以人们便称之为粉 彩，景德镇瓷工亦称之为“软彩”。

粉彩饰的特点是颜色明亮，粉润柔和，色彩丰富，绚丽雅致，绘画工笔，写意俱全，在人物、山水、花鸟等题材的装饰上具有很强的表现力，富有国画风格。粉彩瓷在雍正年间最负盛名，釉上彩瓷器到了这个时期，已经发展到了一个百花争艳的阶段，它标志着我国传统的釉上彩瓷器的发展达到了 极高的水平。

关于景德镇古窑民俗博览区的介绍就为大家讲到这里，现在大家可以自由参观一下，按照计划的 时间回到这里，祝大家玩得愉快。

Ladies and gentlemen

Hello, everyone. First of all, welcome to the one-day tour of Wuzhenorganized by our Hangshi travel agency. At the moment, our car has been drivingon the Shanghai Hangzhou Expressway. On this day, we are going to Wuzhen, one ofthe six ancient towns in the south of the Yangtze River. Its about an hoursdrive from Hangzhou to Wuzhen. Below, let me give a brief introduction toWuzhen. When it comes to Wuzhen, friends who like Liu Ruoying must be familiarwith her. From the time when she was photographing to becoming the imageambassador of Wuzhen recently, it can be said that Liu Ruoying and Wuzhen haveformed an indissoluble bond. On this day, we will go to this millennium old townand follow Liu Ruoyings idea to enjoy the beautiful scenery of the ancienttown. It is often said that one side of the soil and water nourishes anotherside of the people. Wuzhen is indeed a place of outstanding people. It is a landof elegant geomantic omen. Many outstanding talents have been born since ancienttimes. According to the records of this town, from the Song Dynasty to the lateQing Dynasty, there were 64 Jinshi and 161 Juren in the town, and Mao Dun, agreat literary master, appeared in modern times. It can be said that peoplethrive because of the town, and the town is named because of the people.

Since Wuzhen is so famous, we must be very curious about the origin ofWuzhen. Before the Southern Song Dynasty, Wuzhen was divided into two towns,Wuzhen and Qingzhen, with Chexi as the boundary. Wuzhen in the west of the Riverbelongs to Huzhou Prefecture, while Qingzhen in the east of the River belongs toJiaxing Prefecture. After the liberation of China, the districts of Wuzhen andQingzhen were unified and managed by Jiaxing City. There is another short storyabout the origin of the name "Wuzhen": it is said that in the Tang Dynasty, LiQi, the governor of Zhejiang Province, wanted to be a separate ruler and king,and raised his troops to revolt. The imperial court ordered general wuzan tolead his troops to attack. This wuzan general is highly skilled in martial artsand is good at fighting bravely, which makes Li Qis rebels retreat step bystep. When hit the Chexi River, Li Qi suddenly listed a truce. Just as thegeneral of Ukraine camped and rested on the spot, Li Qi attacked the camp of theUkrainian army that night. General Wu rushed to fight, and finally fell into thetrap set by Li Qi on the bridge. They were shot dead by the rebels on the spot.Although Zhang was defeated, general wuzans loyalty and patriotism moved allthe local people. In memory of him, we used his surname as the name of thetown.

The history of Wuzhen is mentioned above. Our friends go to Wuzhen to play.What should we play when we go to Wuzhen? Its nothing more than eating, wearingand traveling. When it comes to eating, maybe most of our friends start to getexcited. After all, food is the most important thing for the people. Dontworry, listen to Xiao Wangs introduction. When it comes to Wuzhens famousfood, I have to mention this aunt cake. Hearing this name, I think you haveguessed it. It must have something to do with the relationship between aunt andsister-in-law. Its true. According to legend, in the Ming Dynasty, there was afamily surnamed Zhang in the town, who made a living by making pancakes for hissister-in-law for generations. Because it is an exclusive formula, naturalflavor is unique, so enduring business is booming. But there is an unwrittenrule in Zhangs family. In order to ensure that the secret recipe will be passedon from generation to generation, it is stipulated that the secret recipe willonly be passed on to the daughter-in-law, not to the daughter. After all, mydaughter will be married in the future, and she will become a member of otherpeoples family. When it came to the Ming Dynasty, my sister-in-law was veryunhappy when she saw that her mother only taught her sister-in-law how to makecakes. After all, my sister-in-law has only been married to my family for morethan a year, and I have been in this family for more than ten years, and mymother has never taught me. So I couldnt get along with my sister-in-laweverywhere. One day, when my sister-in-law was making cakes, it began to rain.So the little sister-in-law to the sister-in-law

Said: "sister-in-law, its raining outside, go to collect clothes.". Mysister-in-law ran out as soon as she heard that. When my sister-in-law saw thather sister-in-law was out, she was angry, but secretly grabbed a bar of salt andthrew it into the pan. Coincidentally, the guests who ate Aunt Zhangs cake allsaid that the taste of the cake was very personalized and better than before. Mysister-in-law is very strange. Im still doing the same thing as before. How canit be different. So she ate a piece of it herself, and she felt that the tastewas very personal. At this time, my sister-in-law began to talk. "Sister in law,if you want to understand why the cake tastes so good on this day, and if youwant to make it so good every day in the future, tell me the secret recipe formaking cakes first." sister in law, however, told her the recipe for makingcakes to her sister-in-law. Of course, my sister-in-law is also very honest totell her how to do something bad, but it backfires and its a blessing indisguise. Because the practice at the moment is shared by my sister-in-law, so Inamed this cake "sister-in-law cake". After the visit, you may as well buy somefor free activities. After saying "sister-in-law cake" of course, we have totalk about Wuzhens specialty "three liquor". Three Baijiu is handmadenaturally. Because white rice, white noodles and white water are used as rawmaterials, it is called "three Baijiu". Others are Hangzhou white chrysanthemum,white water fish and braised pork. After dinner, we can order some to taste.

After talking about eating, lets get to the point. Blue calico is one ofthe specialties of Wuzhen, commonly known as "lime calico" and "calico". It is atraditional folk craft in China. It is made of cotton thread, soybean powder andbluegrass juice. It is purely hand-made and environmentally friendly. You canbuy some small things. For example, a lady who loves beauty can buy one or twoblue calico headscarves and small handbags as souvenirs. I recommend you not tobuy clothes, because at the moment, no one is willing to wear these kinds ofclothes. Secondly, blue calico is easy to fade. When its hot, its not good towear this kind of clothes and sweat all over the body like a leopard. ha-ha.Others are handmade cotton shoes and slippers. We buy at our own discretion.

Next, Ill introduce the most important tour to you, so that you can graspthe key points and have a definite aim when you visit. As I said just now,Wuzhen is the hometown of Mao Dun, a great literary scientist, so naturally, MaoDuns former residence must be visited. To visit the water town is nothing morethan to see the architecture and taste the folk customs. And the "street pillowwater, pink wall Daiwa" is the common features of water architecture, since wehave to see its most distinctive things in Wuzhen. The architectural features ofWuzhen are concentrated in the Xiuzhen temple and the ancient stage at the headof the town. So you must not miss the first scenic spot of Xiuzhen temple. Thereis a scenic spot announcer in the temple to explain to you. I will send thetickets to you at the gate when I go in. After visiting the first scenic spot,those who are willing to visit with me will follow me, and those who are notwilling to plan to move freely with me will be able to move freely. Lets goback to the introduction of you. As the saying goes, "ten li is not the samesound, hundred Li is not the same vulgar.". It is estimated that Hangzhou is 200li away from Wuzhen, so the folk customs are even more different. And Wuzhenjust brings us a viewing platform in terms of folk customs. There are Jiangnanwood carving exhibition hall, Hongtai dyeing workshop blue calico exhibitionhall, Jiangnan hundred bed hall, folk custom hall and many other exhibitionhalls in the town. Xiao Yang will show you one by one. OK, Wuzhen will arrivesoon. Please take your luggage and get off with me.

江苏无锡太湖仙岛的导游词

各位游客：在游览了重头清后，我们将从北岸的渡船码头乘船前往鼋头渚景区内的一组湖中小岛——“太湖仙岛”去参观。

【三山概况—“太湖仙岛”牌坊—“五帝巡天图”浮雕—“洞天福地”景区—会仙桥】

我们从船上眺望三山，只见岛上松竹苍翠，枫香染红，距我们约2.6公里处的湖中小岛，如神龟静优水面，绰约多姿。

太湖仙岛的原名叫“太湖三山”，三山是著帽山、乌龟山及笔架山的俗称，由东鸭、西鸭、大矶、小矶4个小岛组成，总面积约2平方公里，周长约2.5公里。岛内景色迷人，素有“三山映碧”之称。1993年，凭借天然山水，巧设人文建筑，建成了一处太湖旅游的新景观，有道是：太湖佳绝在鼋头，三山仙岛胜天堂。

游客们：我们走过长长的游船码头，首先看到的是用汉白玉大理石雕刻的太湖仙岛牌坊。这座三重飞檐翘角的牌坊，红色琉璃瓦在阳光的照耀下闪闪发光，正中有“太湖仙岛”4字。门楼前的台阶上雕刻着一条盘龙，形态逼真，栩栩如生。

牌坊后是“玉帝巡天图”汉白玉浮雕。玉帝端坐在龙椅之上，文武群臣簇拥左右，仙鹤道游云间，游人置身其中真好像仙境浮现人间。

现在我们右转沿山路向上，便可到“洞天福地”景区。这里有花果山、水帘洞、演武场，还可以观赏歌舞，如有雅兴还可观看猴戏，逗逗猴子。

向东走是“会仙桥”，它连接着西鸭山和大矶山，是通往三山岛的主景区。此桥原名“五洞环桥”，是座仿古建筑，桥上建有四面开敞的亭子，雕梁画栋，仿佛引导人们由此进入仙境。

【南天门—摘星亭—天街—大觉湾—灵霄宫—太乙丹炉】

过了会仙桥，来到的是“南天门”，现在我们就一同进入“天境”。沿着台阶一级级“登天”，仿佛我们离世外天国越来越近了。“南天门”是座汉白玉建筑，顶端刻有篆书“天门”二字，左右有副对联：“离尘了却几间事，到此逍遥星汉间。”横批“梯云直上”点出跨入此间，各位游客便可彻底脱离几间，畅游“天国仙境”了。

进入“仙境”，首先看到是飞檐翘角的“摘星亭”。登上此亭，仿佛浩瀚星际触手可及。亭前水池前是仿青铜器“太湖宝鼎”，香烟综绕，飘飘似仙。

沿左边台阶向上，过彩绘门楼是“天街”的人口。进入门内便是“天国”热闹的街市。请看右边墙上有一个钱型的图案，中间一个方孔，两边写有“君子爱财取之有道，公平交易童史无欺”。再看前面是二层楼的“天香楼”，右转台阶上为“天韵台”，后测是“天都仙府”，入内左边房中有财神端坐其中，手中元宝闪闪发光，期盼大家人人发财。右边房内有“药王”孙思邈在恭迎佳宾，保佑各位，身体健康，无病无灾。

各位游客：在天街最开阔的地方，是一羽仙茶楼”，游客可在此品茗赏景，透过薄雾眺望对面的“鼋头渚”。

穿过“兀衢”门洞，沿山坡向下，过摩云亭便到了大觉湾，我们在此可“一览人间石窟景”，这些石窟雕刻群，再现了中国古代石窟建筑艺术的精华之作。这里有长达49米的卧佛;那面湖端坐，高达6米，若有所思的老者就是我国道教创始人老子的塑像。

沿着“仙人洞”石阶向上，可到达“仙岛”最高处——“灵霄官”。一侧为“王母府”，只见那王母正在瑶池中尽情享乐。对面的灵霄宫宏伟挺拔，里面的玉皇大帝站像，高18米，为国内玉皇塑像之最。只见五帝双手合十，昭示天下，展示帝王之气。沿梯而上，两边墙上画有各路神仙飞天图案。二楼后室内，是复制的“永乐宫壁画”以及神道真人彩绘壁画。这些壁画，被誉为“东方艺术之冠”。

灵霄宫后山上是三层圆形天坛，摆设镇山之宝——太乙丹炉。沿林间小路下山，可以到达后山的“月老词”，里面有“鸿喜堂”。

游客们，太湖仙岛我们就游览到这里，最后出南天门，乘船返回鼋头渚。再去下一个景点游览。谢谢大家!

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游__。

恭王府位于北京市西城区前海西街，是清代规模最大的一座王府，先后作为大贪官和珅、庆亲王永璘的宅邸，后被赐予恭亲王奕欣，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府历经了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的历史进程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的说法。

“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常的好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内入不外流，因此更符合风水学敛财的说法。我国十大元帅和郭沫若等人、均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常长寿。据说，北京长寿老人最多的地方就是在恭王府附近，这个地方真是一块风水宝地。

恭王府由府邸和花园两部分组成，南北长约330米，东西宽180余米，占地面积约61120平方米，其中府邸占地32260平方米，花园占地28860平方米。府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高规制。明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能逾制的。恭王府的中、东、西三路各有三个院落，其中每一路的后两个院子是人们要游览的主要区域。

府邸建筑分东、中、西三路，每路由南自北都是以严格的中轴线贯穿着的多进四合院落组成。

中路最主要的建筑是银安殿和嘉乐堂，殿堂屋顶采用绿琉璃瓦，显示了中路的威严气派，同时也是亲王身份的体现。东路的前院正房名为多福轩，厅前有一架长了两百多年的藤萝，至今仍长势甚好，在京城极为罕见。东路的后进院落正房名为“乐道堂”，是当年恭亲王奕欣的起居处。西路的四合院落较为小巧精致，主体建筑为葆光室和锡晋斋。精品之作当属高大气派的锡晋斋，大厅内有雕饰精美的楠木隔段，为和珅仿紫禁城宁寿宫式样(此为和珅僭侈逾制，是其被赐死的“二十大罪”之一)。府邸最深处横有一座两层的后罩楼，东西长达156米，后墙共开88扇窗户，内有108间房，俗称“99间半”，取道教“届满即盈”之意。

名为“朗润园或萃锦园”，俗称恭王府花园，徜徉于园中犹如漫步在山水之间。与府邸相呼应，花园也分为东中西三路。中路以一座西洋建筑风格的汉白玉拱形石门为入口，以康熙皇帝御书“福”字碑为中心，前有独乐峰、蝠池，后有绿天小隐、蝠厅，布局令人回味无穷。东路的大戏楼厅内装饰清新秀丽，缠枝藤萝紫花盛开，使人恍如在藤萝架下观戏。戏楼南端的明道斋与曲径通幽、垂青樾、吟香醉月、流杯亭等五景构成园中之园。花园内古木参天，怪石林立，环山衔水，亭台楼榭，廊回路转。月色下的花园景致更是千变万化，别有一番洞天。诸多中外游客慕名而至，寻觅着翠山碧水、曲径幽台在诉说的如烟往事。

恭王府位于前海西街，建于1776—1785年，原为清代乾隆宠臣和珅的私宅，和珅因贪污罪于嘉庆年间被抄家处死后，此处私宅便赠给了庆王。同治朝时，由于恭亲王奕忻协同慈禧发动政变有功，慈禧太后便将此宅赠予他，而成为恭亲王府。

俗呼银銮殿，恭王府最主要的建筑。作为王府的正殿，只有逢重大事件、重要节日时方打开，起到礼仪的作用。民国初年，由于不慎失火，大殿连同东西配殿一并焚毁，现银安殿院落为复建。

和珅时期之建筑。悬挂有“嘉乐堂”匾额一方。该匾疑是乾隆帝赐给和珅的，但匾额无署款，无钤记，故无由证实，但和珅留有《嘉乐堂诗集》，说明是和珅之室名。在恭亲王时期，嘉乐堂主要作为王府的祭祀场所，内供有祖先、诸神等的牌位，以萨满教仪式为主。恭王府规模宏大，占地约6万平方米，分为府邸和花园两部分，拥有各式建筑群落30多处，布局讲究，气派非凡。其花园又名锦翠园，园内布局、设计具有较高的艺术水平。造园模仿皇宫内的宁寿宫。全园以“山”字型假山拱抱，东、南、西面均堆土累石为山，中路又以房山石堆砌洞壑，手法颇高。山顶平台，成为全园最高点。居高临下，可观全园景色。恭王府由于是在权臣和珅邸宅的基础上改建而成，和珅当年定罪的二十大罪状中就有关于内檐装修的“潜侈逾制”问题，如其中的第十三款“查得和珅房屋竟有楠木厅堂，其多宝格及隔断门窗解仿照宁寿宫制度”。因此恭王府的内檐装修在王府文化中别具一格，其所表现的特点尤为突出：

一、 规格最高，可与宫殿建筑比美：

恭王府几座主要厅堂的内檐装修不仅是多宝格、隔断，还可举出仙楼、神殿带毗卢帽的祭灶等装修也与宫廷中别无二制。并有室内假山水池，装修成室内小园林，更是别出心裁。

二、 数量较多，形式多样：

从样式雷图中可以看到当年有内檐装修的建筑多达二十余处，而且具有多种类型，如太师壁、宝座床、碧纱橱、祭灶、万字炕、几腿罩、落地罩、炕罩、真假门、仙楼、书阁、多宝格、顺山炕、前、后檐炕等。

三、 界划灵活，空间丰富：

恭王府内各厅堂的空间根据使用功能划分，格局多样，其主要厅堂既有肃穆、庄严的开敞式大空间，又有私密性的小空间，既有对称式的，也有非对称式的，还有可以灵活组合的。有的适合接待高级宾客，有的用于萨满教的祭祀活动，有的适合起居生活，有的作为寝息，不同的空间需求各得其所。

四、 做工精细，技巧高超：

从恭王府的装修遗留物件中可知皆使用硬木，用材异常讲究，加工的木料可以作出细小的截面，雕刻花纹起伏精确，而且使用圆形或曲线拼出各种华格，只有在精细的加工之基础上才能完成，施工难度之大，令人叹为观止。遗憾的是恭王府的原有内檐装修，绝大部分已经无存，今天通过研究王府文化，要进一步将其发掘出来，结合今后的王府博物馆展示要求，再现当年辉煌。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅开始在这东依前海，背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第，时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三太上皇弘历归天，次日嘉庆褫夺了和珅军机大臣、九门提督两职，抄了其家，估计全部财富约值白银八亿两，相当于清政府十五年的财政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉庆吃饱”的说法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身，则如愿归“爱豪宅不爱江山”的胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。

与此同时，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸丰元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕?成为这所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。“一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年，这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会，后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回，并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

恭王府是我国保存最为完整的王府建筑群，分为府邸和花园两部分，府在前，园在后。恭王府的开放，早在30年前，就被提上议事日程。1975年，周总理在病床上，以3件未做完的事情托付谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的开放问题。

恭王府始建于清乾隆年间，初为大学士和珅的私邸。

同治初年，这里的第三代主人恭亲王奕欣，身兼议政王、军机领班大臣等要职，重权在握，显赫一时，乃大筑邸园，同时也对府邸部分进行了修缮与改建。我们看到的恭王府的建筑规模与格局，就是在那个时候最后形成的。

恭王府前半部是富丽堂皇的府邸，后半部为幽深秀丽的古典园林，总占地面积将近六万平方米。其府邸建筑庄重肃穆，尚朴去华，明廊通脊，气宇轩昂，仅次于帝王居住的宫室。府后的萃锦园则衔水环山，古树参天，曲廊亭榭，富丽天然;其间景致之变化无常，开合有致，实为中国园林建筑的典范。

根据现有的文献记载，在这块位于京城前海西岸，被"蟠龙水"环抱着的风水宝地上，元、明两朝曾经有过一座规模宏大的寺院，香火旺盛，游人如织，就连皇帝也来此礼佛上香。大约十六世纪中叶，该寺院才逐渐荒废，沦落为明朝廷的供应厂;清朝入主北京以后，在这里建造大小不等的院落若干，供内务府等普通旗人居住。

乾隆四十年前后，在皇帝面前红得发紫的和珅，相中了这块四周萦水，遥接西山，而且又离“皇上家”不远的风水宝地，遂以高价购买下这里的多处房产，建造成大名鼎鼎的“和第”。

恭王府之被称“半部清朝史”，是和居住在这里的三代主人密切相关的。尽人皆知，第一代府主和珅，是乾隆晚期的宰辅、大学士，又是历史上赫赫有名的贪官，在清史中十分惹人注目，有关他的传说也因此多不胜数。特别是他的儿子丰绅殷德，后来娶了乾隆皇帝的小女儿固伦和孝公主为妻，使这座豪宅一时成为了实际上的公主府……

嘉庆四年，和珅因罪赐死，嘉庆皇帝遂将这座宅第转赐给他的小弟弟庆郡王永璘。永璘大概算得上历代主人里最为钟爱这座豪宅的人。早在和珅当道时，乾隆的诸位皇子便凑在一起商订，将来不管谁当了皇帝，都要“办”掉和珅，惟十七皇子永璘说：“将来不论哪位哥哥当上皇帝，只要把和珅的这座豪宅赏给我，我就知足!”

说到永璘，或者许多人都不太熟悉，但若提起他的孙子，那个与李鸿章一起同八国联军签订《辛丑条约》的庆亲王奕劻，恐怕又是无人不晓了。奕劻也是中国近代史上著名的贪官，但与清末那一群懦庸无能的王公贝勒相比，他总还算是一个敢于负责，能够委以重任的人。因此，从同治朝起，奕劻便得到慈禧太后的宠信。在咸丰将府邸改赐恭亲王之前，他一直以辅国将军的身份在此居住。

至于说恭亲王奕欣，那更是中国近代史上最重要的政治人物之一，他参与了第二次鸦片战争以及其后(1853-1898年之间)的几乎全部重大政治活动，"辛酉政变"时，就是他把慈禧扶上了"垂帘听政"的宝座……毫不夸张地说，如果没有奕欣，整部中国近代史，乃至后来的中国历史就会改写。

如果说世间万物都有灵性，那么这座被"蟠龙水"包围着的明珠一般美丽的建筑，自从它诞生的那一天起，就注定是一个充满着忧伤气质，命运多舛的苦命宅园。

嘉庆四年(1799年)，和珅被处死之后，嘉庆帝即将这座豪宅的西半部，赐给了他那个只要和珅府不要皇帝位的十七弟永璘。之所以只给他一半，是因为当时，乾隆皇帝的十公主及其额驸丰绅殷德还住在那里。

和孝公主，是整部清朝历史中最具传奇色彩的公主，其生母为乾隆皇帝晚年的宠妃汪氏。乾隆四十年正月，当这位性情、外貌全都酷肖其父的"最幼女"来到世界时，皇帝已然是六十五岁高龄的老人。十公主虽身为女子，但天生神力，能开十个劲的硬弓，时常陪着父皇骑马打猎，乾隆因此爱她胜过所有的子女，他不只一次叹息："你要是个阿哥，这个皇位将来非你莫属啊!"的确，十公主非但武功卓绝，而且胸襟非凡，当和珅春风得意时，驸马倚仗其父权势行为娇纵，公主就曾经严肃地训斥他："你阿玛受我父皇厚恩，不思回报，却只知纳贿。我都替你们担忧啊，到了身家不保的那一天，连我也要受到你们牵累!"

十公主的话，虽不幸言中，但嘉庆皇帝最终还是念着兄妹之情，没有剥夺他这个小妹夫的爵位，公主夫妇也仍然住在原来的家里。这座宅第也就因此一分为二，西为庆王府;东为公主府，一直到道光三年(1820__年)九月，十公主去世，整座府邸才全部归到庆王名下，而那时，永璘已经死去三年多了……

辛亥以后，按照民国政府优待清室条例的规定，王府成了府主人的私产。后因政局动荡，生计艰危，未世王孙们纷纷卖掉府第，以图生存。恭王府当然也同北京的其他王府一样，没能逃脱可悲的蜕变与分割。

1920__年，小恭王溥伟为筹集复辟经费，将恭王府府邸部分的"龙票"，以八万银元的价格低押给北京天主教会的西什库教堂。十几年后，利上加利，原先八万银元的抵押款，滚到了近二十万，穷途末路的溥伟早已无力偿还这笔巨款债务了。1932年，由罗马教会兴办的辅仁大学，以教会之间的关系，用一百零八根金条代偿了这笔贷款，产权遂归这所大学。1937年，辅仁大学因扩充女生宿舍，收回房产，将府邸部分作为女院，并把后罩楼通向萃锦园的通道砌死，这样，府邸与花园就开始分开了。同年，原先居住在邸园中的溥伟二弟溥儒，又以十万银元的价格将花园也卖给了辅仁大学。

1949年，恭王府花园改为某国家机关宿舍;府邸为艺术师范学院、中国音乐学院及文化部艺术研究院等单位使用。1952年，中国音乐学院拆府前部一进四合院，盖起一座"现代风格"的食堂;1959年，又拆掉了原府邸大门外的所有房屋，建筑起一座曲尺形的琴楼和一座一字形的画楼。"_"期间，厂桥空调器厂占用了大戏楼等花园东部的"半壁江山";国管局幼儿园则占据西路建筑。由于不合理使用与地震的破坏，到七十年代中晚期，花园的部分游廊和府邸东路南部一进院落的正房及东西厢房先后倒塌，其他建筑也都遭到不同程度的损毁，但所幸王府总体格局未遭破坏。

恭王府——世界最大的四合院，除皇帝和家眷外，任何人是不得住进紫禁城的。因此皇亲国戚们都要建造自己的宅弟，以为家居之所。于是，王府便产生了。今日的北京城里，还有60余座清代王府，其中恭王府是保存最完整的一个。

北京的清代王府都分布在内城区里，这和清代北京城的居住限制密切相关。城墙未拆除以前，北京城的格局是大“口”里面包小“口”，最中心的是故宫，外面的第二层是皇城，为政府衙门，第三层是内城，为清代八旗王公贵族集中居住的地方;最外面的第四层，才是汉人和其他民族的集中居住地。今天在北京内城漫步，还能时时看见深宅大院。

位于什刹海北岸的恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

大观园是中国古典文学名著《红楼梦》里描绘的一大园林。《红楼梦》成书于北京，有中国封建社会秘史之称。根据书中的描写，人们在北京西南角建起了一座园林。这处取名大观园的新园是今日北京的一大胜景，每天游人不断。

由于恭王府有着《红楼梦》中所描绘的某些景物，因此有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。恭王府到底是不是大观园的蓝本呢?这可能也是一个永远的秘密了。

恭王府的主人，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制。明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸5间正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。

如果你看到深宅大院的门口耸立着石狮，你马上就可以判定大院的主人是不低于五品的-;如果你再仔细数一数石狮头上的卷毛疙瘩，你就会进一步认定品极;皇帝门口的石狮上有13排疙瘩，亲王12排，爵位越低，数量递减。

房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建了庆颐堂，模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫。皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这是其中的一条罪状。