沈阳故宫英文导游词简短（合集20篇）

Ladies and gentlemen, this time we are going to visit the famous PingyaoCounty. Pingyao County is one of the cultural heritages of the world heritagelist. Please keep the floor clean during the tour. If you have any questions,you can ask me.

We first came to the first tourist spot: South Street. The composition ofPingyao County is crisscrossed four streets, eight small streets, seventy-twowinding streets, and now we come to the South Street of four Avenue. You see, onboth sides of the street, old and famous shops are flourishing traditionalcommercial streets. During the Qing Dynasty, South Street controlled more thanfifty percent of the financial institutions in the country.

West Street is known as "the first street of Finance in Qing Dynasty", andit is a main street directly connected with East Street. And the East AvenueNorth and South Street intersection, North Street is to the west centralstreet.

Eight small streets and seventy-two lanes are named in the nearby buildingsor marked signs; some are named in the temple temple; some are named in a cityin the city; and some streets and lanes have been unable to explore the sourceof the name.

There are many beautiful legends in Pingyao County, such as sleeping auntsand drug wives, and burning Town Gods Temple. Please take a good tour of thisbeautiful ancient city.

Hello, everyone. Welcome to our travel agency. My name is Zhang Chengxuan.Please call me Zhang Daohao. We are about to arrive at our destination. Let meintroduce our terminal, Longmen Grottoes. Longmen Grottoes, located in LuoyangCity, Henan Province, is a milestone of grotto art in China. There are two hugeGrottoes: Dongshan grottoes and Xishan grottoes.

The most spectacular one is Xishan grottoes Here we are. Tourists, pleasefollow me. Dont lose me. Look, thats Xishan grottoes. Its very beautiful.Lets go this way first. Its called Qianxi temple. Why is it called thisstrange name? Qianxi temple is named for its continuous stream of water. Themain Buddha in this one is Bodhisattva, with two disciples, two Bodhisattvas,two heavenly kings and so on. Lets go further Now, our place is called Binyangcave, also known as Binyang three caves, which are North cave and middle cave.South hole, three holes.

Next, we went to Fengxian Temple, the most famous place in LongmenGrottoes. Lushenafo is the most famous. He is more than ten feet tall. He isreally the best.

Finally, I would like to remind you not to damage cultural relics. Litter,goodbye!

Fairyland penglai pavilion is located in the city of the northern littoral danya mountain, with the yueyang tower, yellow crane tower, tengwang pavilion, and known as "Chinas four famous towers", we already put it as a trip to yantai to must-see, when we boarded the one thousand pavilion, at the same time of enjoying fairy wind chaton, also deeply felt its magical and mysterious and great courage.

When it comes to its magic, always let a person full of praise. At the foot of the mountain to appreciate penglai pavilion, danya mountain first, with clear water HaoMang set each other off, attic at the top, as if inlaid in the trees even ladies eye, in the commanding position next to the lighthouse, majestic, like soldiers to protect penglai pavilion, is standing majestically on the cliffs. Surrounded by a wall of lists of the majestic mountains, spectacular, is really a beautiful picture of XianGe dives. Looking down from the penglai pavilion, the ever changing under the cliff, great tide, atop the, wide, not only can let a person feel the sea vast, good luck can also see a mirage of the world wonders.

Tour guide told us that most of penglai mirage in June each year, sometimes appear in the summer and fall, for a long time, a few hours, short a few minutes, is not seeking to be, it is a pity that we failed to see the spectacle. Impressive and shelter pavilion, it is in the west side of penglai pavilion, windowless, linhai side doors open. Tour guide told us that the outside the wind again big, the interior is also stagnated but because of the high north of the wall to the halfway up the pavilion, the wall of the outer wall with arc, when the north wind blow to the curved walls will rise sharply, flying over the roof to the south. Unfortunately we have no same prepared a box of matches to try.

Jiuhua Mountain, located in Qingyang County, South Anhui Province, is oneof the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. Liu Yuxi, a writer of the TangDynasty, praised Jiuhua Mountain after climbing it. He thought that the famousmountains in the world could not compete with Jiuhua Mountain. Li Bai went toMount Jiuhua three times. Jiuhua Mountain is characterized by beautifulmountains and numerous Buddhist temples.

As early as the Eastern Jin Dynasty (401), temples began to be built on themountain. Since then, they have been added and expanded to form "one smalltemple in three li and one big temple in five li". The temples spread all overthe mountain. It is said that there were more than 300 temples with 4500 monksin their heyday. At the moment, there are still 50 or 60 temples in completepreservation.

When you visit Jiuhua Mountain, you first go to Jiuhua street, which ismore than 600 meters above sea level. It is the center of Jiuhua Mountain, andtemples are mainly concentrated there, so it is called "Lotus Buddha kingdom".It is actually a village on the mountain. Besides temples, there are shops,schools, hotels and farmhouses. Visitors can stay there and take it as astarting point to visit the scenic spots on the mountain.

Huacheng temple on Jiuhua street is the oldest ancient temple of JinDynasty in Jiuhua Mountain. It is also the main temple of Jiuhua Mountain. Thearchitecture of the temple is arranged according to the mountain situation,reflecting the superb art of architectural design. In the temple, there is anancient clock which is more than ten feet high and weighs about 20__ Jin. It isexquisitely cast and has a loud voice. It is struck with a mallet. The solemnand clear sound of the bell reverberates in the valley, which often makes peoplefeel extraordinarily refined. "Huacheng evening clock" has become one of the"Jiuhua ten sceneries".

Not far from the east of Jiuhua street, there is a hall built on the cliff,which is the famous "centenary Palace". On the plaque, there are ten goldcharacters: "imperial grant to the centenary palace, protect the country WannianTemple". It is said that in the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, there was amonk named Wuxu. At the age of 26, he came to Jiuhua Mountain and spent 100years in a rare cave. Three years after his death, his body was found in thecave. The monk on the mountain thought that he was reincarnated, so he offeredhis body in gold. Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty granted him the title of"Yingshen Bodhisattva". As a result, the small temple dedicated to himflourished, and the temple expanded to become one of the four jungles in JiuhuaMountain. Visitors can see the golden body of a flawless monk in a monks hat,red cassock and lotus platform in the body Hall of the temple.

Dear friends hello, everyone, today I will take you to visit is Beijing north on the edge of the Confucian temple and guozijian, you can see here today, early to wish you happy! Beijing imperial academy is located in Beijing dongcheng district settle door guozijian street (formerly known as cheng Yin street), and the Confucius temple. The imperial overall building sits, distribution on the axis jixian door (door), business (second), coloured glaze memorial arch, construct harmony, yi lun hall, JingYiTing. Things on both sides of the four six hall hall, a traditional symmetric pattern, is the only ancient existing in our country, the central public university construction. Main building of Beijing temple of Confucius is covered with yellow glazed tiles, is the highest building in the feudal society regulation.

(illustrated)

You come with me now I see past the door; Also called lingxingmeng is Confucius temple gate, door width between three and seven deep purlin, single eaves jehiel the top of the hill, basically retained the architectural style of yuan dynasty, past the door on both sides of the connection in the outer wall of the temple, is a city gate. Enter the past the door, right against the face is dacheng door. Dacheng door was established in the yuan dynasty, rebuilt in the qing dynasty, the width between five and nine purlin, deep single eaves jehiel the top of the mountain. The entire building is located on the tall brick stylobate, embossed on the royal standing in the way of high sea dragon pattern, wulong play bead, lifelike. Dacheng in front of the corridor on both sides by 10 shek kwu, each raised from stone carving a poem in ancient safari. This is when the qing qianlong imitation Zhou Xuan Georgian stone relics upon everyone to think in this photograph.

Everybody tell me tight I now the first into the courtyard of the former arranges various matters, that is the emperor, the east of the slaughter pavilion, well pavilions, kitchen god, the dishes that look, that is used to slaughter, cleaning and cooking. On both sides of the library, lent by god for offering Kong Liqi store and prepare offerings.

The second into the courtyard is the center of the Confucius temple courtyard, every time, for the Confucius memorial ceremony here then bell and drum everywhere, deriving euphoria, ceremonial majesty. Dacheng hall is the second into the main architecture of the courtyard, has also been the center of the whole Confucian temple architecture, is the most sacred temple in the Confucius temple. Dacheng hall built Yu Dade after six years, was destroyed in the war, Ming yongle nine years (in the reconstruction, the qing guangxu thirty-two years between the temple by expansion between 7 to 9. Inside the brics floor, in the top group longjing mouth smallpox, their level of regulation is the highest building, comparable to the palace hall of supreme harmony. Temple consecrate Confucius "dacheng them.the most holy king," whore, as both sides have obtain "four with twelve zhe" memorial tablet., ghost lead the case on a statue, jue, You, Bian, beans and other phenomena are the qing qianlong drive makes genuine. Inside and outside the hall hangs 9 to xuantong emperor of the qing emperor kangxi imperial tablets, all is the emperor book probes into four words of Confucius, is precious cultural relics.

The third into the yards most distinctive, Confucius temple is composed of the footprints door, temple worship and things peidian peidian independent complete compound, and the former binary compound segmentation significantly and natural transition, reflects the ancients, the clever conception on the ministry of construction bureau. This group of buildings called the footprints temple, is the home of the five generations of ancestors worship Confucius temple. Built in Ming jiajing nine years, rebuild two years qing qianlong, green glazed tile roof instead of the gray tiles and roof. Chung temple, also known as the five dynasties shrine, width between five and seven deep purlin, before the house has a wide platform, the platform built on three sides with step every tenth level. Temple consecrate Confucius memorial tablet of five generations of ancestors and obtain YanHui, hole Ji, who, mencius memorial tablet of the father of the four ancient Chinese philosophers. Things peidian peidian, located in masonry stylobate, width between three and five deep purlin, single eaves the hanging, in cheng, cheng hao finds brother, zhang zai, Cai Shen, zhou dunyi, zhu six Confucianism, the father of the first.

Watching operas.it comprises three courtyards and buildings with clear level difference and function division, harmony to form a whole set of royal sacrificial architecture community, is a prominent representative of Chinese ancient architecture.

Good rest, the next station is a famous institution of the imperial college, all with me tight now I went to jixian quo zi jians door, the door is the door yard has well pavilions, held on the east side of the door communicates with Confucius. A second - business door, into the quo zi jian is the imperial college of the second into the yard, there are coloured glaze memorial arch, harmony and yi lun hall.

Now you tell me I will stay, let me introduce for you construct harmony and yi lun hall, came slowly into the business with me now to the door, the front is imperial academy two door large coloured glaze memorial arch, it is the only specifically for education in Beijing and set up a memorial arch. Banners are on both sides of the emperor, is a symbol of respecting culture in ancient China from. , located in jixian door are the three four pillars between the hip roof top on the 7th floor type coloured glaze memorial arch, 48 years of qianlong (1783). Is face book "teach jersey won bridge", just as the "university in section view," painting, is the only do not belong to Beijing temple coloured glaze memorial arch

Now, let me explain to you the quo zi jian construct harmony, it is the center of the imperial academy building, built in the axis center of a square in the middle of a circular pool high stage, save spire is a square faced the house. All around to open the door, set 6 steps. Construct harmony around the promenade, all set up delicate Bridges across the pool to make the house and yard are interlinked, this kind of architectural form as a symbol of nature round place. Acceded to the throne after the emperor qianlong, whenever a new emperor, are here to do a lecture, in a show of the central governments emphasis on higher education.

Six hall is on the left, it is located in the monarch harmony of left and right sides of the 33 rooms, collectively known as six don, respectively is: HFM hall, hall, hall, the truth monastery hall, hall of justice, wide industry hall of fame, is gongsheng guo-zi-jian diploma of the classroom. Ask now I have a look at the right of the yi lun hall, it is located in the north of monarch harmony hall, the yuan dynasty, chongwen pavilion, the Ming dynasty yongle rebuilt and renamed yi lun hall, in the early years was the emperor to give lectures, after construction of monarch harmony, to the prison library. You followed me to go now, behind is JingYiTing, it is located in yi lun hall, is the third into the quo zi jian yard. Building the Ming jiajing seven years, and has a drink offering wing wing and the department of industry and seven drive makes word tablet, is a place for drink offering quo zi jian in the office. You see my fingers direction, in between the Confucian temple and guozijian passageway, there is a made up of 189 large stone forest of steles. Stone carving with Confucian classics: zhouyi, "history", the "book of songs", "rites" and "yili", "rites", "spring and autumn zuo zhuan, the biography of the spring and autumn period and the ram," the spring and autumn GuLiang biography ", the analects of Confucius, "xiao", "mencius", "er ya". This writing is the blueprint of yongzheng years jiangsu jintan gongsheng Jiang Heng lasted 12 years and calligraphy. Fifty-six years of qianlong (1791 AD) burring on the monkey made a. All writing a total of more than 630000 words, large scale, our method is good, the accuracy of the content and the seal of fine degrees are better than that of xi an "writing", and in terms of scale is the second largest after xi an forest of steles forest of steles. Legend emperor qianlong life ho-shen, wangjie as President, Peng Yuanrui, liu2 yong as vice-president to textual research. Peng Yuanrui rare books in the song thirteen classics HeDing Jiang Heng calligraphy by the draft, and the popular form of characters to the old style, make the text more complete specification, ancient meaning, qianlong praised, were given taizi Pacific title. This makes ho-shen envy is special, of rights in ones hand he ordered overnight to stone tablets to mend all the old style. Until after the collapse of the declaration and archaic handwriting to repair again, there are pieces of dig on BeiMian traces

Now I first drink offering is to introduce the quo zi jian yuan dynasty famous neo-confucianism Xu Heng, at that time, a student more than 200 people. Students studying here is called "guo-zi-jian diploma", roughly three sources: a scholar in the selection of the right direction guo-zi-jian diploma from all parts of the country, to the further study; Second, foreign students, mostly from Korea and their logic, dispatched, Russia, etc.; 3 it is to "donate", front guo-zi-jian diploma, as long as the money to pay the full, can receive "prison", a guo-zi-jian diploma.

Ok everyone around now, photograph, taken everybody, whats the end of our journey, youll actually Confucius temple and the imperial college have too many things in hope you once again for coming here in a wide-variety of culture, thank you, goodbye everyone!

Everybody is good! Welcome to the Palace Museum, Im glad to serve you, I am the guide from this journey all Korean an inscription, everyone call me Korean guide line. Today I accompanied him you have a good time.

Now, you have came to the Forbidden City, which is located in the centre of Beijing by bus. 24 emperors lived here, is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, it is the Palace Museum. The palace the whole building magnificent and solemn gorgeous, whether plane layout, magnificent mountains, in the form of the 3 d effect still is incomparable masterpiece.

Lets watch the center axis of the palace! The central axis in the central axis of Beijing city. After the three main halls, palace, imperial garden is located in the central axis. On both sides of central axis of the palace, but also with many house, grand magnificent.

Looking at central axis, art treasures museum! Some of the Forbidden City palace the establishment of a comprehensive history museum of art, painting, pavilion pavilion, classification of ceramics, bronze, engraved hall, toys, craft art gallery in the Ming and qing dynasties, pavilion, four treasures of the study hall, pride, watches and clocks, and judgments of clear acting palace relics exhibition, collect a large number of ancient art treasures. According to statistics, there are 102653, including many cultural relics are unique priceless.

Even the palace of the four corner, every Angle has 18 column seventy-two liras turrets, there is a legend about turrets. One day, the emperor yongle let ministers in the Forbidden City on the four horns of building a nine beam column 10 seventy-two liras, baffled ministers to it. One day, a carpenter saw a des sauterelles cage, very strange, feel cage went up and took a look, a number, thats nine beam column seventy-two liras ten! The carpenter immediately to the secretary. From then on, they left such turrets.

Dear visitors, our todays tour end, right now, todays explanation to me, you are welcome to put forward opinions and Suggestions, I am thankful. Finally, I wish you all have fun! thank you

Badaling Great Wall history called the world nine fill one, is the essence of the Great Wall, the Ming Great Wall, alone representation. Badaling Great Wall is the first of the Great Wall to tourist location, badaling scenic spot to the Great Wall at badaling is given priority to, build the badaling hotel, the week theaters and title of Chinas Great Wall museum by President jiang zemin and other full-featured modern tourist service facilities. Badaling scenic spot to its magnificent landscape, perfect facilities is famous in the world and the profound connotation of culture and history.

Badaling geographical environment is superior, since the ancient times is the gateway to shanxi, Inner Mongolia, zhangjiakou traffic arteries. Open to traffic in 98, the badaling expressway, the traffic is very convenient. And the annual mean temperature in badaling more than 3 ℃, lower than the Beijing become the leader of "shall" yanqing tourist.

Badaling Great Wall in yanqing county of Beijing. One is the Great Walls pass. Its GuanCheng is narrow east west wide trapezoid, built during Ming hongzhi 18 years (in 1505), chopped jiajing and wanli period used. Something second east GuanCheng MenE topic "house agent outside the town," carved in the eighteenth year of jiajing (1539); Simon frontal topic "north gate lock-and-key", engraved Yu Wanli ten years (1582). Both doors to the masonry structure, coupons hole as a platform, on the north and south of Chinese Taiwan have their own channels, connection GuanCheng walls, and the stage build by laying bricks or stones around the crenel. Beijing chang road through from the gate, for the throat to Beijing. From the left and right sides of the "north gate lock-and-key" gate tower, the ups and downs, twists and turns of the Great Wall. The Great Wall is 6700 km, is one of the greatness of ancient buildings in the world.

North 8 building is badaling Great Walls highest building, up to 888.9 meters, the building also has distinguishing feature very much. Originally can also be mounted watchtowers view mountain at the scene, but the sealing stair-door to protect cultural relics.

From GuanCheng ChengTai south peak to peak south 4th floor, the walls 685.8 meters long, 142.4 meters height, especially between 3 floor to 4th floor, south south, ridge, narrow, steep the Great Wall it lists more than 400 meters. City top ZuiXian, slope of about 70 degrees, is almost straight on straight down. 1 / f, south and south 2nd floor, all have no repair on the second floor, from the south 3rd floor pillar remaining development, originally also has a room.

South peak highest, 4 / f, south of the Great Wall is 803.6 meters above sea level. Floor overlooking, the Great Wall from southwest to northeast winds on the ridge, like a black dragon, grand magnificent. Make people couldnt help think of the Great Wall of Chinas famous expert Mr Luo xus poems when board the badaling Great Wall; Feng, green jade the commonplace and mountain north shannan peak everywhere. Lock-and-key northward for risk, and a half long zai majestic mountains. From the south to south 7, 4 / f floor, highly gradually decline. South and south between the 6th floor 5 floor on the Great Wall on the ridge of the medial wall from 30 meters, a small white stood on a pavilion, which is in June 1987 completion of memorial pavilion ", "guizhou province repair the Great Wall. South 6th floor shop is a room, the shop is constructed on the top of the upper, the width between the three, the top of the mountain, red pillars, grey tile, small and exquisite. This is probably the "thousand total" command post.

Topic: define the Mountain Summer Resort as “garden bright pearl, scienceopen-air museum”.

Part one: how this garden is special.

_Question: (Outside the resort, to sitimulate the tourist’s interests)

Our garden experts said that, the Summer Vacation Mountain Village is theminiature of our beautiful motherland. Why can the experts say like this?

_Introduction:

Chengde Summer Resort is in the northern part of Chengde city, Heibeiprovince. Chengde Imperial Palace also known as the Rehe Place, where Qingemperors spent their summer days and work in, so it was not an imperial summerpalace in its usual meaning, but became a important centre next to Beijing.

_Knowledge about the layout:

There are two parts of the resort――the palaces and a scenic area.

The palaces were for emperors to handled political affairs and lived in.The scenic area includes lakes, hills and grassland. There are eight artificiallakes. Emperor kangXi commented the resort as “having the mountains as the boneand water as the heart ”. Emperor QianLong’s remark, “Though it is named asmountain resort, its beauty is in water” highlighted the feature of the resort.Because KangXi and QianLong have toured in south China many times andappreciated a lot of beauties there, so that beauties were like been moved bythe emperors into the resort. So this garden has the north and south style in abody.

_Answer of the question:

The natural mountains and rivers built it was copied the landscape fromsouthern Jiangsu and outside Shanhaiguan, there has forests, lakes, grasslandand mountains; almost include all kinds of the landscapes of China.

Outside the palaces is the eight outer temples, this temples surroundingthe palaces like the star surrounding the Moon, symbolized the national variousnationalities closely around the Qing Dynasty’s rule center.

Part two: Great values of the resort.

In our country history:

The Mountain Summer Resort has witnessed the Qing Dynasty’s consolidationand development. Said from its rich history connotation, it is really a nationaland religious history museum.

_Question: Why Mountain Summer Resort is considered as “intangible GreatWall”?

When the Qing government made Beijing its capital, it paid attention to therelationship with the national minorities in Mongolia, Xinjiang and Tibet, andkeep a marriage relation with them. It can be seen like this way: the templesaround the Mountain Summer Resort were the outcome of the policy of nationalsolidarity and consolidation of the multi-national country.

We know the Ming Dynasty has built Great Wall, but the policy of buildingthe Mountain Summer Resort is more effectual .

From the cultural value:

In the resort, Han Nationality culture and some national minority cultures,both display respective characteristics and absorb from each other. Now Chengdealready towards to the world, the culture is not belongs to china also theuniverse.

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments.

Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one.

On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Notes:1. the Taj Mahal in India 印度的泰姬陵2. the Hanging Garden of Babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. Sanskrit 梵语4. Uigur 维吾尔语

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to theManchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages.

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

尊敬的各位游客朋友们：

我们将游览的是北京故宫，请大家保持清洁!

故宫占地72万平方米，期中建筑面积为16。3万平方米，南北长961米，东西宽753米。根据1973年的统计，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋980座，共计8704间。

故宫在1420xx年六月开始动工兴建，历时20xx年，在永乐十八年，1420xx年完工……

你们知道故宫有几个门吗?还是让我告诉你们吧!故宫有四个门，正门名为午门，午门有五个洞。期平面为凹形，宏伟壮丽。午门后有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。说了这么多，你们一定对故宫了解些了吧……

故宫的景色真是太多了，我说也说不尽了，你们还是细细游览吧!

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好！我是你们的导游，今天我们参观的是沈阳风景名胜之一的“沈阳故宫”

先来给你们介绍一下。沈阳故宫始建于1625年，是清朝入关前清太祖努尔哈赤、清太宗皇太极创建的皇宫。又称“盛京皇宫”。清朝入主中原后改为陪都宫殿和皇帝东巡行宫，现为沈阳故宫博物院。

沈阳故宫设在沈阳“井”字形大街的中心，分为三部分：东路为努尔哈赤时期建造的大政殿与十王亭。中路为清太宗时期建造的大中阙。西路是乾隆时期增建的文溯阁等。

现在就让我们从东路开始游览吧！

东路的大政殿是一座八角重檐亭式建筑。正门有两根盘龙柱，以示庄严。大政殿用于举行大典。十王亭则是左右翼王和八旗大臣办事的地方。

各位游客，现在我们来到了中路。中路的大中阙包括大清门、崇政殿、凤凰楼以及清宁宫、关睢宫、衍庆宫、庄福宫等。崇政殿俗称“金銮殿”，全是木结构，五间九檀硬山式，辟有隔扇门，前后出廊，围以石雕的栏杆，此殿是清太宗日常临朝处理要务的地方。

各位游客，现在我们来到了西路。西路是以文溯阁为主体，前有戏台、扮戏房、嘉荫堂，后有仰熙斋、九间殿。文溯阁是六间二楼三层硬山式建筑，是专为存清代百科全书而建的。

沈阳故宫博物院不仅是古代宫殿建筑群，还收藏了大量宫廷文物。

好了，先说这些，请大家细细欣赏。

Beidaihe - A Must for Birds Watchers

Set on the coast some 280 km east of Beijing, the seaside holiday resort of Beidaihe is famous not only as a tourist center and as a good place to recuperate after illness, but also as one of the best places in the world to see migratory birds.

Chinas Yanshan Mountain Range winds its way thousands of miles from the west to the eastern seaboard. It sends a number of waterways like the Henghe, Daihe, Yanghe and Luanhe rivers down to the Bohai Sea at Beidaihe. They create a vast area of wetlands, mud-banks, and lagoons with rich feeding and good places for birds to rest. Here migratory routes come together like great seasonal rivers of birds linking northeast Asia with south China, Indo-China, Australia and even far off east Africa.

Nature has richly endowed Beidaihe with bird species and of the 1,198 found in China, 416 have been recorded at Beidaihe. This is a part of the world that plays host to eighteen species of gulls, three of swans, and six of cranes.

Xu Weishu, vice director of the China Ornithological Society tells of the time when as many as 2,729 oriental white storks were recorded in Beidaihe, doubling the previous world record.

Look into the skies of Beidaihe in the first ten days of November every year and you will be sure to see flocks of red-crowned cranes and white cranes.

The year from May 1999 to May 20xx saw ten new bird species added to the list for Beidaihe.

Back in the 1940s Danish scientist, Axel Hemmingsen, published a report saying that he had seen large numbers of cranes at Beidaihe, but no one followed up on this at the time. Then in 1985 guided by Hemmingsens report, British ornithologist Doctor Martin Williams first came to Beidaihe. With the help of an official from the Beidaihe tourism authority, Dr Williams visited Shijiutuo Island in nearby Laoting County. What he discovered there was far beyond his expectations and he found many new kinds of birds. Since then, accompanied by his Chinese counterpart, Xu Weishu, he has brought many overseas professionals together in Beidaihe every year to enjoy watching the birds and carry out research.

Since the first two parties of Chinese bird enthusiasts visited Beidaihe in 1999, more and more domestic visitors have joined bird watching groups going there on vacation.

Beidaihe has enjoyed a good reputation since 1893. It was then that a British engineer helping build a railway line recognized that with its low hills, beaches and sea breezes, the headland was an ideal place to go to escape the summer heat of the interior. On his recommendation, the first holidaymakers arrived. Beidaihe, until then a poor fishing village, quickly became popular with diplomats, merchants, missionaries, and well off Chinese.

Meanwhile the birds are regular visitors here too. Flocks of gulls are easily spotted. What might not be so easy is to be able to distinguish among the bewildering variety in the skies over Beidaihe. Many different birds pass through here as the seasons come and go and every year still sees fresh species spotted. It is a magnificent sight to see the occasional flock of large cranes pass by or to watch the birds of prey, however the larger birds have been decreasing in number.

Round the calendar

The period spanning the last ten days of April through the last ten days of May is the best season for bird watching. This is when you can see the greatest number and variety of birds in Beidaihe.

Then the period from the last ten days of August through September is the time for the medium and small wading birds to pass through.

October brings another peak season as many birds pass through the area, going south for the winter.

As the colder weather comes in with the first ten days of November, flocks of cranes will be making their way south. They will come north again the following March.

The best spots

For waterfowl and songbirds, try Chitu Hill, Lianfeng Hill and the hilltops in Geziwo Park or the many well-wooded courtyards in Beidaihe District.

· For swimming and wading birds, Daihe, Yanghe and Dapu rivers should not disappoint.

· Visit Jiaoshan Mountain to enjoy watching birds of prey and songbirds.

· Shijiutuo Island in nearby Laoting County is well worth an extended visit of a few days duration.

During the course of a typical 12-day visit, you might expect to see 200 different kinds of birds. Beidaihe China International Travel Service arranges specialist tours for bird enthusiasts. Their office number is 086-335-4033598.

Distinguished visitors:

How do you do! Im very happy to do your guide, my name is Liu Hui, you have to do is call me lu. This time we will visit is the Great Wall is famous all over the world. During the visit, please dont litter, dont graffito of the scribble on the wall, thank you for your cooperation!

Now we take the cable car to the foot of badaling, began to climb the Great Wall. With steep mountain, the Great Wall winding, its like a living jinlong lie on it. From a distance, it is between the mountains winding, let me tell you, the Great Wall has more than thirteen thousand long, so they are known as the Great Wall. Look at far away from the beacon tower, white mist is like the beacon tower to put on a fine gauze, just like a picture full of poetry and song meaning, make we revel in it.

Standing on the Great Wall, holding the stone on the wall, stepping foot square brick, we felt the working people of hard and tired to build Great Wall, look at these countless stone, a two or three one thousand jins weight, then without any tools, rely on countless hands and countless up the shoulder, it is conceivable that how hard they are! You will find that, in a square hole in the wall, is actually used to shot the enemy. Rows of buttress, every three hundred meters, there is a square ChengTai, is the bulwark of station troops and war can mutual echo. Do you think we walk in the road is very wide, WuLiuPi horse can also parallel!

We climb ah climb, finally climbed up the highest peak bawcock slope. We all are stretched his arms and breathe the fresh air, tourists often can not help but praise: "how beautiful motherland pieces!"

The Great Wall is China the crystallization of the wisdom of working people, or the soul of Chinese sons and daughters. Lets go to protect it, enjoy it. I wish you all have a good time!

颐和园英文导游词

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is . i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager cixi spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guangxu’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guangxu and empress dowager cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager cixi. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the exit. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guangxu was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guangxu was emperor dowager cixi’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guangxu was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guangxu’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager cixi. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi xiu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liangxiang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager cixi enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guangxu, a foreign and chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your next visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

现存的沂蒙文物古迹近千处。主要有古人类遗址、古文化遗址、古代建筑、古代石刻、名人故居等。

蒙山，古称“东蒙”，又名“云蒙”，是沂蒙山区最高大的山脉。它横跨费县、平邑、沂南、蒙阴四县，东西长约150华里，南北宽30华里。蒙山有三主峰：东面海拔1001米的叫望海楼，旧称东蒙;中间海拔1026米的叫挂心橛子，又叫云蒙;最为险峻的是西边海拔1156米的龟蒙顶。

在龟蒙顶的南山根，有颛臾国遗址。据史书记载，周王封伏羲氏的后裔在此建国，负责祭礼蒙山，叫做颛臾，附属于鲁国。传说颛臾王在蒙山下的万寿宫举行过祭礼蒙山的典礼，后来，人们就在这里修建了一座庙宇，叫做谒蒙祠，这就是郦道元在《水经注》上所说的“蒙祠”。

从万寿宫起步，穿过一片茂密的树林，走约二里，有一小河，河上有断桥，桥头石碑上刻着“迎仙桥”三个大字，相传朝气隆皇帝就是跨过此桥登上龟蒙顶的。

从迎仙桥上行三里到桃花峪。传说战国时代的军事家孙膑就是在这里跟鬼谷子学习军事的，鬼谷子见孙膑为人忠厚，办事牢靠，曾让他在此处看管过桃园。穿越桃花峪，过了红门，就到了行宫。这里避风向阳，幽静雅致。踏着石阶，步上平台，平台上有行宫庙宇。出了行宫往上走，山势越来越陡峭，使人一步三喘，名回马岭，因为无论多矫健的马，到此也必须折回。登上回马岭行不多远，便听得山风呼啸，松涛阵阵，只见前面一块黑黝黝的巨石，象一只张牙舞爪的怪兽挡住去路，这就是有名的黑风口。

在黑风口北望，通过一道山豁可看到下面的万丈深谷。再向上经过小风门、大风门等隘口，脚下的山径就完全掩盖在松柏荒草之中了。拨开荒草，走出地形复杂的十八拐，令人豁然开朗的南天门便呈现在眼前。南天门上面的九龙宫观音殿，是一幢五间房的石头庙，石墙、石柱、石梁、石檩，连屋顶也是石板铺的。

各位游客大家好，我是来自众信旅游团的导游孟园，你们叫我孟导好了。非常荣幸今天由我来带领大家参观世界遗产——北京故宫。

北京故宫是中国明清两代的宫殿，旧称为紫禁城，它是一座长方形城池，南北长961米，东西宽753米，四面围有高12米的城墙，城外有宽52米的护城河。

请大家看前面的五座汉白玉石桥，这就是金水桥。“前面的小朋友们你们知道这五座桥象征什么吗?”它们象征着“仁”、“义”、“礼”、“智”、“信”，是皇帝集美好的品质于一身。

跨过金水桥，我们就来到了太和门广场，这里是皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。

穿过广场，前面就是故宫里首屈一指的大殿——太和殿。也是我们现存古建筑中最大的宫殿，俗称金銮殿。只有在皇帝即位、大婚、册立皇后、命将出征，以及元旦、冬至、万寿节的时候，才会在这里举行隆重的典礼。我们看在大殿的岔脊上，都装饰着一些小兽，把这些小兽依次排列在高高的檐角处，象征着消灾灭祸作文、逢凶化吉，还含有剪除邪恶、主持公道之义。重脊前为什么用仙人骑凤呢?传说：齐国国君齐王，一次作战中失败，来到一条大河的岸边，走投无路，后边追兵就要到了，危急之中，突然，一只大鸟飞到眼前，齐王急忙骑上大鸟，渡过大河，逢凶化吉。古人把它放在建筑脊端，也表示骑凤飞行，逢凶化吉。

大家跟紧我，看大殿内金砖铺地平整的如一面镜子，光滑细腻，像是洒了一层水。这就是金銮殿名字的由来。那么金砖真的是金的吗?其实这是一种用特殊方法烧制的砖。

这样宏伟的建筑据说光准备的工作就持续了11年，修建历时14年。劳动人民付出了无数的血汗。故宫里珍贵的楠木多生长在崇山峻岭里，百姓冒险进山采木，很多人为此丢了性命，后世留下了“入山一千，出山五百”来形容采木所付出的生命代价。

故宫是劳动人民智慧的结晶，它标志着中国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。

请大家继续游览中和殿、保和殿、后三宫……

Dear visitors, everybody!

I am yangzhou he garden "little academician", today, I take you to visit he garden!!!!!

Now we are going to visit this garden, located in yangzhou ancient canal bank xu ning 77 gate street, is a national key cultural relics protection units. It built in 1883, that is, the nine-year reign of qing emperor guangxu, is a large private garden in yangzhou at the end of a finale. Because the unique architectural style diversity, the compatible, match well of Chinese and western art style, become a classic representative of yangzhou gardens, is known as Chinas first gardens in late qing dynasty.

In fact, the earliest dont call he garden he garden, rather loud call send heights, because the garden owner surnamed he, people used to call it he garden. The ho family and a handful of Chinas modern history of the famous family relationship is very close, the beiyang minister li hongzhang, guangxu emperor is the teacher saying and town of (nai) children and in-laws, and together; And guangxu emperor wun tonghe another more famous teacher (he) as well as the qing court etiquette, zhang zhidong representative of westernization movement, have affinity. What he garden owner zhi 舠 young success, career progression, secretly convey salt industry, also has a huge wealth. What zhi 舠 49 years old, from hubei han Huang Dedao resign as he prowled the yangzhou, invested heavily zhou, build the home garden, swim in one large-scale private gardens.

He garden covers an area of more than 14000 square meters, building area of more than 7000 square meters, building part accounted for 50% of dominated area. Such building density, it is too big for garden, but people in the garden, not crowded, anti think everywhere and moderately, density, small in see big, distinct. This effect, by is the landscape on the architectural layout of quality, made in flat.

He garden whole districts include residential, garden and a small garden on a few parts, is the complete form of private gardens, parts of it already read separately, and interlocking, mutual penetration, form a are different, the tour be convenient to both inside and outside, nature and humanity, match well of Chinese and western living space, the aesthetic needs of the Chinese private gardens and practical function to achieve the perfect combination here.

Long-term since, our country now, contemporary a batch of famous garden experts are to he garden thus any rock-it, praise its unique gardening technique, is "alone" in the jiangnan garden. Also he garden as domestic film and television filming scenes of natural base, "a dream of red mansions", "green grass by the river", "the princess huanzhu" sequel, "the wrong sedan to marry on lang", "heaven tears" and so on nearly radix stemonae content, are all here to absorb a lot of beautiful scenery gardens.

Through the above introduction, I believe you have a preliminary impression of he garden, here, let us to appreciate each Chinas famous jiangnan alone.

He garden in the history of the front door is open in the alley, the south gate of the garden, now as the main entrance to the east gate, is a garden of opening to the outside world. After taking the door in the first place to visit is the eastern part of the back garden. Head on moon gate engraved on the "send the noise hill" MenE, and man is the master personally inscribed YuanMing. "Send the noise" two characters, respectively from the great poet tao yuanming of the eastern "to return the phraseology" in the sentence: "YiNa window to send ao, east gao to ShuXiao." Express the landscape pastoral poet valentine, not colluding with dark officialdom insistence. He garden owner has resigned a cloistered similar experience with tao yuanming, moral self-evident.

Yangzhou no mountains, but in the garden is no mountains, so often used in yangzhou garden flat fold stone to orogeny, "yangzhou to parks, gardens to fold Lin chuang" that is the case. East garden, the most magnificent landscape is on the right side of a mountain for more than 60 m stick wall, it is like embedded in the wall, along the wall to climb all the way, if swim longteng dumpling, stir together, to suppress previously closed high wall and a deep courtyard, into a embrace heaven and earth "mountain city" of the natural mountains and rivers. East gate sidewall mountain is famous of the jiangnan gardens climb mountain building stick wall, also known as Yang sent to stick wall mount. Stick a wall in the mountainside of the mountain, there is a high and low around the stone steps, twists and turns led street, has been reading to the academician childe floor. Through it, we can really grasp the essence of yangzhou stacked stone art.

Turned the exquisitely carved stone folding screen, first open the gate to welcome guests is peony hall. It features and name, from the east wall mount on the top of a brick a mountain. Mountain flower subjects derived from the traditional "blowing peony fung", at first glance seems not new. But look carefully you will find it in many other aspects of idea, layout, composition, art of using saber has distinctive characteristics of the whole picture compensated in see big coincidence, hides the magic close, is a high-quality goods.

Peony hall around the peony pool. Peony is He Yuanyuan flower, garden tear widespread tree peony, peony, breed is various, every year 4, 18 solstice 5, 18, is the annual "yangzhou fireworks in March tourism festival," he garden "swim gardens, reward famous flowers" opening theme fete activity also profusion, when a Cha red yan deeply purple swaying spring scenery, the elegant dress he garden a colorful world.

Peony hall in a hall, north on the construction decoration than more delicate, more gorgeous peony hall, it is the most creative in east garden complex structure from - Fu hin, also called ship hall. Because the modelling of hall like a boat, hall around the ground with pebbles, the paved tiles sparkling water, in the hall in front of a square stone walkway like boarding springboard, hall under low level is like a ships deck, hall hung on the pillars on both sides "flower month masters may visit, the walls for ship" for the home of the couplet, hall on the west side gallery walls inlaid with the present domestic the most preserved between su dongpo calligraphy "projects the placard" sharpening... Every detail and boat, and water, gardening art garden of drought, water is here in perfection.

But the most interesting is not ship building hall, but the story behind the hidden in the landscape architecture. The ship called Fu sea hin hall, is the owner, the symbol of life with the Lord, between the fate of life and the pursuit of associated with some mysterious.

Family originally from anhui wangjiang, one side is a bounded by water on three sides backer, born what zhi 舠 grew up here and ship the indissoluble bond; His name was "zhi 舠", meaning is a ship with vanilla; Twenty years into the official career, when the salt, LiangGuan until jianghan customs supervision, always in dealing with all kinds of transport ships, shipping... What zhi 舠 as jianghan customs supervision, in the process of dealing with westernization is often involved in hua yi the sharp conflict of the vortex, many times and make great efforts to safeguard national sovereignty and national dignity. In the face of the late qing dynasty government corrupt and incompetent he is worried about the long, his patriotic ambition may not be put to good use, even hard to preserve life. Weighed up the pros and cons, he chose the profession, their own life boat moored to the green eroilor guo the edge of the ancient canal.

Why also called Fu hin sea ship hall? More than two thousand years ago, Confucius traveled on a cart to travel for their claims said: "that doesnt work, I will take Fu Fu sea." Mean, if people dont accept my idea, Ill take a boat to go overseas. The ship hall is just what zhi 舠 idea of a "xuan Fu sea"?

Let a person cant help but sigh, 18 years later, has more than seventy - year - old garden again made a resign and when he prowled the equally amazing determination: abandon he garden, anchor sail, carrying the whole family headed to glamour to Shanghai to frolic in the waves. What zhi 舠 this magical boat gone, gone forever. Is the embodiment of his Fu sea hin to stay in the family home garden. To the posterity tells the story of the mood of the master and master.

The ship at the back of the hall on the northwest corner of the small building, was once he gardens landscape architecture. The family big childe He Sheng Hao here even chicken very eager, night lights, after having obtained in the metropolitan examinations from jiangnan to stand out, and at one stroke through will, position, mark, the imperial examination step grandfather ranyon footsteps, was the emperor appointed the academician, achievement a door between two academician of great glory. He garden was also an "academician childe reading floor". To read the display of building simple underprivileged students, dignified solemn and respectful family precepts and GongGongZhengZheng test paper and warm good news display together, set each other off becomes an interest, the people on the ancient truth "can foster learning". Reading/f., east to stick wall mount cragginess deng tao, "xuan Fu sea" in the south of tilting TaoBo, whether intentional design, or not a coincidence, its landscape is a famous ancient research couplet: "everybody has the way of diameter, learn the bitter as a boat."

Academician childe reading building is the symbol of he garden context. The ho family from zhi 舠 father this generation through the imperial examination made a big officer, also left a thick, learn from li family heirloom aristocrats. Dr Successively appeared between the academician, brother, father and daughter painter, member of siblings... Their stories, were displayed in jade XiuLou gallery in the ho family history.

大家好!我叫萌萌，是大家的导游，大家可以叫我萌导。今天，我们要观光世界遗产----北京故宫。

现在我给大家介绍一下。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。历史很悠久。紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。故宫标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就。 我们到了，大家请下车。您看，这就是故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙，都有黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，金碧辉煌的彩画，。第一 座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的 地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，柱子是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型 美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌， 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

接下来我们去故宫博物院吧。跟大家说，故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多， 统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国 宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等。故宫博物院里有一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形 状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢 片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1.5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为 制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。

接下来请各位慢慢欣赏故宫。注意有带小孩的家长看好孩子，请大家互相照顾。要保护珍惜文物。祝大家玩得开心，再见!

Ladies and gentlemen: hello.

First of all, I on behalf of all our Chinese travel agency staff to come to visit zealously welcome to nanjing light view, in this first I introduce myself, my name is wang, everyone in the itinerary of the next call me xiao wang or Wang Dao is ok. I will be in line with the guests first, service first purpose for you to go to the best of service work, at the same time, also hope that my work can get your cooperation and support, so as to improve the quality of our service, enables you to play happy, go smoothly.

Nanjing scenery is beautiful, has a long history, beautiful landscape is looking forward to your taste, the beautiful scenery is waiting for your appreciation. I hope this trip to nanjing will be your holiday paradise. Here I wish you all the pleasure of the next trip and the success of the game. To be satisfied, to be satisfied.

Nanjing hereinafter referred to as "better", is located in the fertile Yangtze river delta, north to cut the vast jianghuai plains, he is the capital of jiangsu province, the provinces economic, political, and cultural center, is also one of the center of the Yangtze river delta cities and one of the central city of the Yangtze river basin. Nanjing, with a population of nearly 8 million, is 6,598 square kilometers, and the climate is a northern subtropical monsoon climate, so the climate is warm and humid, with abundant rainfall and distinct seasons. Nanjing is the three sides of the mountain, one facing water, the Yangtze river, the mountain ring water, the terrain is dangerous, has always been a place for the soldiers. It is known as "zhong shan longdish, the city of shicheng".

Nanjing has a long history and is one of the four famous ancient capitals of China. It is known as "the land of the jiangnan, the king of jinling". The east wu of The Three Kingdoms, the later eastern jin, song, qi, liang, Chen all in this order, so nanjing is known as the six dynasties. Then the south tang dynasty, the early Ming dynasty, the taiping heavenly kingdom and the republic of China were all in this order, so nanjing is also known as the ten dynasties.

Nanjing is an ancient city and a new and developed city. Nanjing is also the eastern part of our countrys comprehensive industrial base and backbone industry of electronics industry, automobile industry, petrochemical industry, steel and electricity, nanjing is a national garden city, national excellent tourism city, national sanitary city and so on. Nanjing Ming tomb of world cultural heritage, and sun yat-sens mausoleum, Confucius temple and other national 5 a-class scenic areas and more than 4 a level scenic area, there are more than two hundred sites at the same time, the amount of distributes the tourists sightseeing here. So its a collection of mountain, water, city, is an organic whole, full of economic vitality, rich cultural features, modern center city of beautiful living environment, is a melting characteristics of ancient and modern civilization as one of the riverside city.

Dear friends hello! Welcome to join our business travel agency zhouzhuang day trip. I am your the zhouzhuang tour guide, my name is, a haze haze. Guide also can call me when you can call me LAN LAN.

We arranged like this is todays schedule, we give priority to with scenic spots in the morning, so after a moment into the scenic spot, first please follow small beatiful visit scenic spots to visit? I can do for you in the process of related sites, because today is Saturday (days), tourists is more, easy to produce crowded, easy to get lost, so small beatiful here again with tight, please make sure you have eaten lunch we will free activities. We are fixed-point dont order a meal for lunch. Below please out his phone and write down my phone number... If got lost, dont be afraid to just call me Ill find you the first time the oh, if I couldnt get through just a few more times. If anyone is not clear? (no) echo before into the scenic spot, we are going to take a free photo first, whats the use of this? It is mainly used for separated from zhouzhuang in residential areas. To facilitate check-in. In front of me also said that today people is more, the team is very much also, queue, so please dont crowded. Patience to wait. If there is anything that xiao zhu where our thoughtlessness, please forgive me.

Good! Here, I give you to introduce our waterfront town, zhouzhuang. We visit today zhouzhuang is located in kunshan city, suzhou, wujiang, Shanghai qingpu at the boundary of three counties, the east is the famous dianshan lake, not far from here by bus to Shanghai grand view garden only need ten minutes. So someone said: "zhouzhuang is a pearl of dianshan lake."

Zhouzhuang, which is a jiangnan ancient town with a history of more than nine hundred years, it has a long tradition, simple morals, ancient architecture, the famous ancient architecture expert who said; "Zhouzhuang is not only a treasure in jiangsu province, and it is a treasure of the country." Chinese Taiwan jinwei magazine called zhouzhuang is "Chinas first water town". After a lot of guests visited zhouzhuang, said: "above there is heaven and below there are suzhou and hangzhou, there is also a zhouzhuang in the middle." To zhouzhuang holds so many buildings in the Ming and qing dynasties and admiration, for "small bridge, flowing water, somebody else" exquisite pattern and dazzled.

Zhouzhuang why called zhouzhuang, we just as its name implies is zhou family estate. Actually, zhouzhuang in the earliest time that once called zhenfengli, nine hundred years ago in the area of ones family name is zhou di lang to donate the two hundred mu built QuanFu temple, the local people in order to commemorate him, once called zhenfengli renamed in zhouzhuang.

Today we mainly visit scenic spots have a hall, shen hall, build, and so on. This rich shen was the hall of shen three thousand estate. When Shen Wanshan use zhouzhuang channel to do foreign trade, foreign to zhouzhuang of rapid economic development, also make the rich themselves. Shen hall for the folk houses. Shen hall is "seven into five gate house", its seven can be divided into three parts, the first is the first part, is the place that greeted her guests; The second, three, four into shen is the second part of the hall, is where the guests; Fifth, six and seven is the third part, is the place where shenyang living. In short, it can use four word can be summed up in three parts: "front desk".

Zhang hall is zhouzhuang one of only a few buildings of Ming dynasty, for jiangsu province key cultural relics protection units. A hall for the Ming dynasty ZhongShanWang managed brother Xu Mengqing offspring. Xu Gujians supposedly named xu hall, why call zhang hall? When it was in the early years of the qing dynasty, the xu decline, will sell the house to the zhang family, was renamed the hall.

Zhouzhuang is belonged to one of the most famous build up. This is why, that is from a pair of words, it was the spring of 1984, Shanghai famous contemporary painter Chen come to zhouzhuang, in a small boat to see the build, feel it brought back memories of childhood. Then, in order to build as the background, create a title for the memory of hometown of painting. Later, the painting along with 37 pieces of his works in the western oil companies in the United States President armando. Hammers name hammer on display in the gallery. This painting caused a great sensation at the time, then, was armand. Hammer with high purchase hide. In the same year in November, Mr Hammer when they visit China, send the painting to the deng xiaoping. In 1985, the painting again after Chen processing become at that time, the UNs first day cover design, favored by stamp collectors and people from all walks of life. By the news media publicity, zhouzhuang town. Chens painting to make the unknown build towards the world. Key bridge is not the key is better than the key, because it opens the door to zhouzhuang and international association of friendship.